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undergraduate thesis
Dijabetes i trudnoća
2020. urn:nbn:hr:122:122648
Šafran, Marija
University North
University centre Varaždin
Department of Nursing

Cite this document

Šafran, M. (2020). Dijabetes i trudnoća (Undergraduate thesis). Koprivnica: University North. Retrieved from https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:122:122648

Šafran, Marija. "Dijabetes i trudnoća." Undergraduate thesis, University North, 2020. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:122:122648

Šafran, Marija. "Dijabetes i trudnoća." Undergraduate thesis, University North, 2020. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:122:122648

Šafran, M. (2020). 'Dijabetes i trudnoća', Undergraduate thesis, University North, accessed 26 December 2024, https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:122:122648

Šafran M. Dijabetes i trudnoća [Undergraduate thesis]. Koprivnica: University North; 2020 [cited 2024 December 26] Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:122:122648

M. Šafran, "Dijabetes i trudnoća", Undergraduate thesis, University North, Koprivnica, 2020. Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:122:122648

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Metadata
TitleDijabetes i trudnoća
Title (english)Diabetes and pregnancy
AuthorMarija Šafran
MentorIvana Živoder (mentor)
Committee memberDuško Kardum (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee memberIvana Živoder (član povjerenstva)
Committee memberMirjana Kolarek Karakaš (član povjerenstva)
GranterUniversity North
(University centre Varaždin)
(Department of Nursing)
Koprivnica
Defense date and country2020-09-29, Croatia
Scientific / art field,
discipline and subdiscipline		BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE
Clinical Medical Sciences
Nursing
Abstract
Trudnoća je razdoblje za vrijeme kojeg se događa prilagodba ženinog organizma popraćena nizom fizioloških promjena u gotovo svim tjelesnim sustavima. Organizam trudnice podliježe značajnim metaboličkim promjenama uslijed kojih se može razviti intolerancija na glukozu koja je uzrokovana inzulinskom rezistencijom i pojačanom potrebom za inzulinom tijekom fetalnog razvoja. Takvo stanje definira se kao gestacijski dijabetes te predstavlja najčešći metabolički poremećaj za vrijeme trudnoće, a manifestira se povećanom koncentracijom glukoze u krvi. Hiperglikemija koja upućuje na gestacijski dijabetes prepoznaje se početkom ili kasnije tijekom trudnoće, a u većini slučajeva nakon 24.-og tjedna prilikom provođenja oralnog testa opterećenja glukozom. Tijekom izrade završnog rada provedeno je istraživanje putem društvenih mreža u razdoblju od 24.07.2020. do 23.08.2020. godine. Cilj istraživanja bio je prikazati učestalost gestacijskog dijabetesa s obzirom na starosnu dob trudnice, istražiti utječe li prekomjerna tjelesna težina trudnice na pojavnost gestacijskog dijabetesa, ustanoviti učestalost rađanja makrosomne djece te najčešći način dovršenja poroda kod trudnica s gestacijskim dijabetesom. Dobivenim se rezultatima potvrdilo kako je starosna dob rizični čimbenik koji uz ostale prediktore doprinosi nastanku gestacijskog dijabetesa. Kod prekomjerne tjelesne težine i pretilosti povećana je otpornost na inzulin, a dodatnom povećanju otpornosti doprinosi trudnoća što utječe na razvoj gestacijskog dijabetesa. Istraživanje je pokazalo da je prekomjernu tjelesnu masu prije trudnoće imalo 17,5% žena, a ujedno ih je toliko bilo pretilih. Prema dobivenim rezultatima primjećuje se da je fetalna makrosomija, odnosno porođajna težina ≥ 4.000 g bila prisutna u samo 12% slučajeva. Shodno tome bilo je i manje dovršenja trudnoće carskim rezom. U najvećem postotku (39,2%) hiperglikemija je otkrivena između 24.-og i 26.-og tjedna trudnoće, dok je nakon 26.-og tjedna trudnoće hiperglikemija otkrivena u 31,1% žena. Sve trudnice s gestacijskim dijabetesom trebaju biti informirane o postojanju rizika za kasniji razvoj dijabetesa tipa 2. Usto ih je važno poticati na provođenje mjera kao što su upravljanje tjelesnom težinom, regulirana prehrana i održavanje tjelesne aktivnosti ukoliko za to ne postoje kontraindikacije. Medicinske sestre imaju značajnu ulogu u provođenju edukacije trudnica koje se susreću s dijagnozom gestacijskog dijabetesa prilikom čega bi trebale nastojati motivirati trudnice na usvajanje pozitivnog i preventivnog zdravstvenog ponašanja.
Abstract (english)
Pregnancy is a period during which the adaptation of a woman’s body is accompanied by a series of physiological changes in almost all bodily systems. A pregnant woman’s organism undergoes significant metabolic changes that may lead to the development of glucose intolerance caused by insulin resistance and an increased need for insulin during foetal development. This condition, which is generally defined as gestational diabetes, is the most common metabolic disorder during pregnancy and manifests in increased blood glucose levels. Hyperglycaemia, which is suggestive of gestational diabetes, is recognised in early pregnancy or later (in most cases after the 24th week via an oral glucose tolerance test). During preparation of this final thesis a survey was conducted via social networks between 24th July 2020 and 23rd August 2020. The goal of the survey was to show the incidence of gestational diabetes in relation to the age of a pregnant woman, to investigate whether overweight pregnant women are affected by a greater incidence of gestational diabetes, establish the frequency of macrosomic births and reveal the most common way women with gestational diabetes gave birth. The results obtained confirmed that age is a risk factor that, amongst other predictors, contributes to the likelihood of gestational diabetes. Being overweight or obese increases insulin resistance and pregnancy contributes to an additional increase in resistance which affects the development of gestational diabetes. The study showed that 17.5% of women were overweight before becoming pregnant and the same number were obese. According to the results obtained, it can be determined that foetal macrosomia, i.e. a birth weight of ≥ 4,000 g, was present in only 12% of cases. Accordingly fewer pregnancies were concluded via caesarean section. The highest percentage of hyperglycaemia (39.2%) was detected between the 24th and 26th week of pregnancy, while after the 26th week it was detected in 31.1% of women. All pregnant women with gestational diabetes should be informed of the risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes at a later date. Also important is to encourage them to implement measures, such as weight management, a regulated diet and maintained physical activity, even if there are no contraindications. Nurses have a significant role in educating pregnant women who have been diagnosed with gestational diabetes, during which time they should try to motivate them to adopt positive and preventative health behaviours.
Keywords
Keywords (english)
Languagecroatian
URN:NBNurn:nbn:hr:122:122648
Study programmeTitle: Nursing
Study programme type: professional
Study level: undergraduate
Academic / professional title: stručni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) sestrinstva (stručni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) sestrinstva)
Type of resourceText
File originBorn digital
Access conditionsOpen access
Terms of useLicence In copyright icon
Created on2020-11-12 17:29:32