Title Post COVID-19 sindrom Title (english) Post COVID-19 syndrome Author Mia Vabec Mentor Tomislav Novinščak (mentor) Committee member Sanja Zember (predsjednik povjerenstva) Committee member Tomislav Novinščak (član povjerenstva) Committee member Melita Sajko (član povjerenstva)Granter University North Defense date and country 2021-12-13, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Pandemija SARS CoV 2 virusom i bolest COVID-19 koju uzrokuje je promijenila svijet kakvog smo do danas poznavali. Po svim svojim karakteristikama radi se o bolesti sistemskog karaktera koja napada brojne organske sustave i radi vrlo različite kliničke slike od asimptomatskih do kritičnih s oko 2,2 % smrtnih ishoda. Naročito teško su pogođeni stariji i kronični bolesnici. Borba protiv ove pandemije je već odnijela preko 5 milijuna života diljem svijeta, a zdravstvene je sustave u brojnim zemljama u svojih više valova nerijetko dovela do kolapsa. Osim zdravstvenih implikacija s obzirom da je epidemija obuhvatila cijeli svijet ogromne su i teške gospodarske posljedice, a u posljednje vrijeme i sve teže društveno-socijalne problematike. Sam virus SARS-CoV-2 je primarno respiratorno i vaskularno tropni virus koji inficira stanice pluća i endotel krvnih žila. Najčešća posljedica su respiratorne tegobe te u težim slučajevima bolesti zatajenja primarno pluća, hiperkoagulabilnost i tromboembolijska zbivanja, a u konačnici i afekcija brojnih drugih organa i sustava u koje se virus može ubaciti. Za najveći dio
bolesnika se ustvari radi o samoograničavajućoj bolesti nakon aktiviranja prirodnog imuniteta. Nažalost brojni pacijenti trebaju hospitalno liječenje, koje je teško, dugotrajno i ostavlja posljedice. Osim fatalnih ishoda, sve više najnovijih studija pokazuje brojne sekvele ove teške bolesti s brojnim simptomima koji se susreću i dulje od 6 mj nakon preboljenja. Post COVID-19 sindrom je stanje stalno prisutnih simptoma i/ili zakašnjelih dugoročnih komplikacija infekcijom SARS-CoV-2 četiri tjedna nakon početka simptoma. U okviru ovog sindroma mogu biti zahvaćeni brojni organi i sustavi, koji većinom prate i u samoj bolesti najviše pogođene sustave. Tako su učestali simptomi respiratornog, kardiovaskularnog i neurološkog sustava, odnosno one psihičkog ili općeg karaktera poput kognitivne smetnje, umor, depresija i slično. S obzirom da se radi o potpuno novoj bolesti i novim sekvelima te bolesti, potrebno je još vremena, istraživanja i iskustava čime će znanja i aktivnosti u svezi post-COVID sindroma biti zaokružene.
Abstract (english) SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and its COVID-19 illness has change the world as we used to know. By its characteristic pathogenic features COVID-19 is true systemic illness that imply numerous organs and systems producing thereby various and ominous and unique clinical cases from asymptomatic to suffocating ARDS complications and multiple organ failures leading to death. Particularly severe COVID-19 cases are noted in elderly and chronicaly ill patients. Globally efforts against pandemic partially failed as more over 5.000.000 lives were lost worldwide. Overly stretched health care systems in most countries over the world, along with economic catastrophes leaded to numerous social problems. SARS-CoV-2, large, single stranded RNA virus, primary respiratory and vascular prone virus that attacks lung cells and endothelial cells. The most common findings are upper and lower respiratory symptoms like breath shortness, cough, sore throat, anosmia, aswell as some systemic symptoms like fatigue, headache, muscle weakness, paresthesia, vomitus etc. Thromboembolism is often within moderate and severe illness. For the vast of recovered patient it was self-limited mild or moderate virosis but severe cases comprehence acute respiratory and odten acute kidney failure. Thus, long and exhausting hospital treatment is mandatory. Except about 2% of fatal outcomes, more recent studies noted prolonged symptomatology known as post COVID-19 syndrome. It is as persistent symptoms and/or delayed or long-term complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection beyond 4 weeks from the onset of symptoms. Various organs and systems could be affected as like as in COVID-19 disease. Respiratory, cardiovascular and neurological symptoms were frequently reported as well as psychiatric or general symptoms as fatigue, cognitive disorder, depression and others. This new multi-ogran sequels round post COVID-19 syndrome should provide necessary future researches, experience and time to better understand the natural history and pathophysiology of this new disease entity.
Keywords
COVID-19
post-akutni COVID-19 sindrom
hitna služba
Keywords (english)
COVID-19
post-acute COVID-19 syndrom
emergency room
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:122:540227 Study programme Title: Nursing Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2022-01-11 14:26:00
