| Abstract | Postporođajna depresija obično se javlja mjesec ili dva nakon poroda, no može se dogoditi bilo kada u prvoj godini djetetova života. Javlja se ne samo kod prvorotkinja, već i nakon rođenja drugog ili trećeg djeteta. Najčešći simptomi postporođajne depresije su suzenje, poteškoće s koncentracijom, smanjen ili povećan apetit, udaljenost od obitelji i prijatelja, uporni osjećaj krivnje, tjeskoba, poremećaj sna i glavobolje.
Iako je imati dijete najbolja stvar u životu žene, ipak je normalno da se žena nakon poroda osjeća umorno, neraspoloženo i razdražljivo. Razlog su razne fizičke, emocionalne i hormonske promjene koje žene doživljavaju tijekom trudnoće i nakon poroda.
Trećeg do petog dana nakon poroda većina majki doživljava fazu "baby bluesa" koju karakteriziraju umor, neraspoloženje, tuga i pretjerano dojenje bebe. Ova faza je sasvim normalna, ali ako traje dulje od mjesec dana, može ukazivati na postporođajnu depresiju. Na pojavu postporođajne depresije utječu prethodna životna iskustva i ono što se iz tih iskustava uči. Stoga traumatska iskustva tijekom poroda, poput ekstremne boli, neizvjesnosti i straha, mogu potaknuti pojavu simptoma depresije. Podrška obitelji je važna, posebno od strane partnera. Potpuno izraženi osjećaji ljubavi partnera, zajedno sa specifičnom pomoći i podrškom, mogu spriječiti žene da se osjećaju same pred zahtjevima koji dolaze s njima. Kada osoba, član obitelji ili prijatelj prepozna simptome depresije, potrebno je potražiti stručnu pomoć. Depresija je indikacija za primjenu kognitivno bihevioralne psihoterapije. Ako je potrebno uključiti lijekove, potrebna je konzultacija s psihijatrom.
Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio ispitati žene u kolikoj mjeri su imale emocionalne poteškoće nakon poroda i saznati kako su se žene nosile sa postporođajnom depresijom. Za potrebe istraživanja konstruirana je anketa koja je provedena online putem u periodu od mjeseca kolovoza do mjeseca rujna 2022.godine. Prikupljeni podaci obrađeni su grafički. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je najveći broj žena imao postporođajnu tugu („baby blues“), a najmanji broj žena imao je postporođajnu psihozu. Većina žena dobila je podršku od strane partnera te njihove emocionalne poteškoće nisu utjecale u velikoj mjeri na njih. |
| Abstract (english) | Postpartum depression usually occurs a month or two after giving birth, but it can happen anytime in the first year of a child's life. It occurs not only in first-time mothers, but also after the birth of a second or third child. The most common symptoms of postpartum depression are tearfulness, difficulty concentrating, decreased or increased appetite, distance from family and friends, persistent feelings of guilt, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and headaches.
Although having a child is the best thing in a woman's life, it is still normal for a woman to feel tired, moody and irritable after giving birth. The reason is various physical, emotional and hormonal changes that women experience during pregnancy and after childbirth.
On the third to fifth day after giving birth, most mothers experience the "baby blues" phase, which is characterized by fatigue, low mood, sadness and excessive breastfeeding. This phase is completely normal, but if it lasts longer than a month, it may indicate postpartum depression. The occurrence of postpartum depression is influenced by previous life experiences and what they learn from those experiences. Therefore, traumatic experiences during childbirth, such as extreme pain, uncertainty and fear, can trigger symptoms of depression. Family support is important, especially from the partner. Fully expressed feelings of love from a partner, together with specific help and support, can prevent women from feeling alone in the face of the demands that come with them. When a person, family member or friend recognizes the symptoms of depression, it is necessary to seek professional help. Depression is an indication for the application of cognitive behavioral psychotherapy. If it is necessary to include medication, a consultation with a psychiatrist is required.
The aim of this research was to examine the extent to which women had emotional difficulties after childbirth and to find out how women coped with postpartum depression. For the purposes of the research, a survey was constructed that was conducted online in the period from August to September 2022. The collected data were processed graphically. The results of the research showed that the largest number of women had postpartum sadness ("baby blues"), and the smallest number of women had postpartum psychosis. Most of the women received support from their partners and their emotional difficulties did not affect them to a great extent. |
