| Abstract | Opće je poznato da je Republiku Hrvatsku i cijeli svijet zahvatila pandemija SARS-CoV-2 virusa. To je virus koji se javlja u obliku blagih do srednje teških simptoma koji najviše pogađaju respiratorni sustav. Ako dođe do komplikacija, razvija se teška pneumonija koja može dovesti do multiorganskog zatajenja. Zbog toga su bolnice stub koji održava ljudsko zdravlje i na koji se ljudi mogu osloniti kada zatrebaju pomoć.
Kod najteže oboljelih jedinice za intenzivno liječenje svake sekunde bore se za ljudske živote. Zbog specifičnog načina liječenja i povećanih troškova, odjeli za intenzivno liječenje pogodni su za javljanje bolničkih infekcija kod pacijenata koji na odjelu borave dulje vrijeme. Bolničke infekcije najčešće pogađaju imunokompromitirane bolesnike. Uzročnici bolničkih infekcija jesu višestruko otporni mikroorganizmi koji nisu dio prirodne ljudske flore. Najčešći su multiplorezistentni Acinetobacter baumannii (MRAB), meticilin rezistentan Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) i OXA-beta laktamaze (OXA). Za prijenos bolničkih infekcija najviše su odgovorni zdravstveni djelatnici, koji bi se trebali pridržavati mjera izolacija i obavljati svoj posao po protokolima. Potrebna je edukacija zdravstvenih djelatnika, posebice za rad u COVID intenzivnoj s pacijentima koji imaju bolničku infekciju. Tu je naglasak na pravilnoj uporabi zaštitne opreme i pravilnom oblačenju. Potrebna je iznimna higijena ruku, poput pranja sapunom ili samog utrljavanja alkohola u vremenu od 30 sekundi. Medicinske sestre su osobe koje se brinu o pacijentima u intenzivnoj 24 sata dnevno. Rade požrtvovno i trude se da sve potrebe pacijenata budu zadovoljene. Rad u COVID intenzivnoj prouzročio im je dodatne psihološke napore zbog nedostatka kreveta, osoblja te neodgovarajućeg načina rada na koji nisu navikle.
U svrhu istraživanja osmišljen je polustrukturirani intervju, koji je omogućio medicinskim sestrama da bez oklijevanja iznesu svoja razmišljanja i stavove o bolničkim infekcijama i o SARS-CoV-2 pandemiji. Upitnik se sastojao od tri skupine pitanja. Sudjelovalo je deset medicinskih sestara koje rade u jedinici intenzivnog liječenja. Rezultati su pokazali vrsno znanje medicinskih sestara o bolničkim infekcijama i mjerama prevencija, ali i da im je pandemija iscrpila i najmanji atom snage i da ne mogu sve to ponovno proživljavati.
Zdravstveni djelatnici uistinu se svakodnevno bore s mnogim preprekama u radu, ali njihovo zalaganje i trud spašava ljudske živote. |
| Abstract (english) | It is common knowledge that the Republic of Croatia and the whole world has been affected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic. It is a virus that presents itself in the form of mild to moderately severe symptoms that mostly affect the respiratory system. If there are complications, severe pneumonia develops, which can lead to multiorgan failure. Hospitals are a pillar that holds human health and that people can rely on when they need help. In the case of the most seriously ill patients, there are intensive treatment units that fight for human lives every second. Due to the specific method of treatment and increased costs, intensive care units are suitable for the occurrence of hospital-acquired infections in patients who stay in the unit for a long time. Hospital infections most often affect immunocompromised patients. The causative agents of hospital infections are multi-resistant microorganisms that are not part of the natural human flora. The most common are multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MRAB), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA and OXA- beta lactamases (OXA). Healthcare workers are most responsible for the transmission of hospital infections, who should adhere to isolation measures and do their work according to protocols. Education of healthcare workers is needed, especially for working in the covid intensive care unit with patients who have a hospital-acquired infection. There, importance is placed on the proper use of protective equipment and clothing. Exceptional hand hygiene is required, such as washing with soap or rubbing alcohol for 30 seconds. Nurses are people who take care of patients in the intensive care unit 24 hours a day. They work selflessly and strive to ensure that every aspect of patient care and their needs are met. Working in the covid intensive care unit caused them additional psychological stress due to the lack of beds, staff, and an inadequate way of working that they were not used to. They watched people die every day because of the consequences at their hands. They work selflessly and strive to ensure that every aspect of patient care and their needs are met. Working in the covid intensive care unit caused them additional psychological stress due to the lack of beds, staff, and an inadequate way of working that they were not used to. They watched people die every day because of the consequences at their hands. They work selflessly and strive to ensure that every aspect of patient care and their needs are met. Working in the covid intensive care unit caused them additional psychological stress due to the lack of beds, staff, and an inadequate way of working that they were not used to. For the purpose of the research, a semi-structured interview was designed that allowed nurses to express their thoughts and attitudes about hospital infections and the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic without hesitation. The questionnaire consisted of three groups of questions. Ten nurses who work in the intensive care unit participated. The results showed the nurses' excellent knowledge of hospital infections and prevention measures, but also that the pandemic has drained them of even the smallest atom of strength and that they cannot go through the same things again. For the purpose of the research, a semi-structured interview was designed that allowed nurses to express their thoughts and attitudes about hospital infections and the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic without hesitation. The questionnaire consisted of three groups of questions. Ten nurses who work in the intensive care unit participated. The results showed the nurses' excellent knowledge of hospital infections and prevention measures, but also that the pandemic has drained them of even the smallest atom of strength and that they cannot go through the same things again. |
