| Abstract | Osobe starije dobi čine trećinu pacijenata i korisnika zdravstvene njege. Zbog specifičnih potreba, nemogućnosti ostvarivanja fizičkih i socijalnih kontakata te izolacije, upravo su oni bili najslabija i najranjivija skupina populacije tijekom COVID - 19 pandemije. COVID - 19 pandemija promijenila je svakodnevne rutine starijih ljudi, skrb i podršku koju dobivaju, njihovu sposobnost da ostanu društveno povezani i način na koji ih se doživljava. Suočeni sa nedostatkom fizičkog kontakta s drugim članovima obitelji, prijateljima i kolegama tijekom hospitalizacije bili su izloženi stresu zdravstvenih djelatnika i mogućem nasilju. Shodno tome, provedeno je istraživanje o učestalosti nasilja nad osobama starije dobi u zdravstvenim ustanovama iz perspektive sudionika tijekom COVID - 19 pandemije.
Sudionici: U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 120 medicinskih sestara i tehničara Republike Hrvatske; 18,3% osoba muškog spola i 81,7% ženskog spola. Raspon dobi kretao se od 21 do 61 godina, s prosjekom od 34,5 godina.
Metode: Istraživanje se provodilo pomoću posebno strukturiranog anonimnog i dobrovoljnog upitnika pod nazivom: „Upitnik o nasilju nad osobama starije životne dobi u zdravstvenim ustanovama iz perspektive medicinskih sestara/tehničara“. Podaci su prikupljeni u periodu od 1. svibnja do 10. Lipnja 2022. Godine.
Rezultati: Najveći broj sudionika tijekom svog radnog odnosa vidio je da medicinske sestre/tehničari požuruju osobu starije dobi da pojede obrok što brže (n=75; 62,5%), prilikom provođenja osobne njege pacijenta ne poštuje privatnost pacijenta (ostavlja vrata od sobe otvorena, ne koristi paravan u višekrevetnoj sobi) (n=72; 60%), ne uređuje osobu starije dobi svaki puta nakon inkontinencije urina ili stolice već je pusti da čeka „do prematanja (n=70; 58,3%), ignorira poziv ili zvono osobe starije dobi (n=64; 53,3%), te viče na osobu starije dobi u bijesu ili ljutnji (n=64; 53,3%).
Najveći broj sudionika slaže se da uskraćivanje posjeta osobama starije dobi narušava mentalno i psihičko zdravlje osoba starije dobi (n=75; 62,5). Također, najveći broj sudionika navodi da je vidio medicinsku sestru kako potiče ostvarivanje socijalnih kontakata bolesnika i njihovih obitelji tijekom COVID - 19 pandemije organizacijom razgovora sa obitelji kroz prozor (n=95; 79,2%), putem mobilnih uređaja pozivom (n=93; 77,5%) te nešto rjeđe video pozivom (n=90; 75%). Zaključak: Edukacija budućih medicinskih sestara/tehničara o potrebama i pravima osoba starije životne dobi imperativ je u prepoznavanju, kritičkom razmišljanju, suzbijanju i prijavi nasilja sada, ali i tijekom budućih sličnih pandemija. Nasilje češće prepoznaju i preveniraju medicinske sestre/tehničari sa duljim radnim stažem. Uloga medicinske sestre iznimno je važna u
prevenciji i prepoznavanju nasilja jer posljednje životno razdoblje čovjeka zaslužuje poštovanje, podršku, empatiju i život bez nasilja. |
| Abstract (english) | Elderly people make up one-third of the patients and users of healthcare. Because of their specific needs, inability to build physical and social contacts and isolation, precisely they were the weakest and most vulnerable group of the population during the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic changed the everyday routines of elderly people, the care and support they get, their ability to stay socially connected and the way people perceive them. Faced with the lack of physical contact with other members of their family, friends and colleagues during hospitalisation they were exposed to the stress of health care workers and possible violence. Accordingly, research was conducted on the frequency of violence against elderly people in healthcare institutions from the perspective of participants during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Participants: A number of 120 nurses and technicians in the Republic of Croatia participated in the research; 18,3% of males, and 81,7% of females. The age range was from 21 to 61 years of age, with an average of 34,5 years.
Methods: The research was conducted with the help of a specially structured anonymous and voluntary questionnaire with the title: "The questionnaire on the violence towards elderly people in healthcare institutions from the perspective of nurses/technicians". The data was collected in the period from the 1st of May to the 10th of June 2022.
Results: The greatest number of participants has seen during their employment that nurses/technicians urge elderly people to eat their meal as fast as they can (n=75; 62,5%), do not respect the privacy of the patients during administering personal care to the patients (leaving the room door open, not using hospital screens in multiple occupancy rooms) (n=72; 60%), do not accommodate elderly people every time after incontinence of the urine or faeces but let them wait until "changing time" (n=70; 58,3%), ignore the call or the ring of elderly people (n=64; 53,3%), and yell on elderly people when they are furious or angry (n=64; 53,3%).
The greatest number of participants agree with the fact that denying visits to elderly people has disturbed their mental and physical health (n=75; 62,5%). The greatest number of participants say that they have seen a nurse encouraging social contact of patients and their families during the COVID-19 pandemic by organizing a talk with the family through the window (n=95; 79,2%), using phone calls via mobile phones (n=93; 77,5%) and more rarely by video call (n=90; 75%).
Conclusion: The role of the nurse is extremely important in preventing and recognizing violence. The education of future nurses/technicians on the needs and rights of elderly people is imperative in recognizing, critical thinking, repressing and reporting violence now, but also during future similar pandemics. Nurses/technicians with a longer period of employment and a higher level of education recognize and prevent violence more often. People's last period of life deserves respect, support, empathy and life without violence. |
