| Abstract | Kulturološke varijacije, stupanj obrazovanja, modernizirana tehnologija i sjedilački način života glavni su uzrok pretilosti u 21. stoljeću. Po definiciji Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije (SZO), pretilost i prekomjerna tjelesna težina se opisuju kao abnormalno ili prekomjerno nakupljanje masti koja može narušiti zdravlje. Promocija i prevencija pretilosti odvijaju se i evidentiraju redovno i u sklopu sestrinske službe u svim razinama zdravstvene zaštite. Istraživanje sam sprovela 2021. godine na odrasloj populaciji u Hrvatskoj pomoću anketnog upitnika na Google forms obrascu. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 431 ispitanik. Cilj ovog istraživanja je ispitati sudionike o njihovim prehrambenim i tjelesnim navikama, te usporediti životni stil populacije s pojavom pretilosti u Hrvatskoj. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da je prosječna dob ispitanika 31 godina, prosječna visina iznosi 170cm, te prosječna težina iznosi 72kg-a. 72% ispitanika su žene dok 28% sudionika čine muškarci. Najveći postotak ispitanika živi u Međimurskoj županiji 88%. U selu živi 64% ispitanika dok u gradu stanuje 32% ispitanika. 51% ispitanika ima srednjoškolsko obrazovanje dok preddiplomski studij i/ili diplomski studij ima završeno 29% ispitanika. 59% ispitanika većinu svog dana provede na poslu, 25% ispitanika u školi/fakultetu, tek 13% ispitanika provede u domaćinstvu. Fizičkim aktivnostima se bavi 69% ispitanika dok se 31% ispitanika opredijelilo da se ne bavi fizičkim aktivnostima. Ispitanici koji se ne bave nikakvom fizičkom aktivnošću kao razlog su naveli: 49% ispitanika nedostatak vremena, 36% nedostatak motivacije, 9% posao, 5% zona ugode, 2% ispitanika financijsko stanje. 56% ispitanika pije 1l do 2l vode. Najviše ispitanika 42% konzumira voće dva ili više puta tjedno, dok povrće svakodnevno konzumira 36% ispitanika. Što se tiče slatkiša 43% ispitanika konzumira slatkiše dva ili više puta tjedno. 30% ispitanika konzumira do dva puta tjedno jela brze hrane, dok 64% ispitanika jela brze hrane konzumira jednom do dva puta mjesečno. Većina ispitanika 56% u ovom istraživanju ima 2 do 3 obroka dnevno, dok manji postotak ispitanika od 27% ima od 4 do 5 dnevnih obroka. Prema rezultatima istraživanja mjesto stanovanja u Hrvatskoj ne utječe na tjelesnu aktivnost i prehranu kod pojedinca, a stupanj obrazovanja uvelike utječe na tjelesnu aktivnost kod pojedinca. Došli smo i do rezultata da ispitanici koji smatraju da se pravilno hrane u većoj mjeri, percipiraju građu svog tijela kao normalnu ili sportsku građu. Također ispitanici koji se bave fizičkom aktivnošću u većem broju konzumiraju od 1l do 2l vode dnevno, kao i više od 2l vode dnevno. |
| Abstract (english) | Cultural variations, level of education, modernized technology and sedentary lifestyle are the main cause of obesity in the 21st century. According to the definition of the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity and overweight are described as an abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat that can impair health. Obesity promotion and prevention are carried out and recorded regularly and as part of the nursing service in all levels of health care. I conducted the research in 2021 on the adult population in Croatia using a Google Forms questionnaire. 431 respondents participated in the research. The aim of this research is to examine the participants about their eating and physical habits, and to compare the lifestyle of the population with the occurrence of obesity in Croatia. The results of the research show that the average age of the respondents is 31 years, the average height is 170 cm, and the average weight is 72 kg. 72% of respondents are women, while 28% of participants are men. The largest percentage of respondents lives in Međimurje County, 88%. 64% of the respondents live in the village, while 32% of the respondents live in the city. 51% of respondents have a high school education, while 29% of respondents have completed undergraduate studies and/or graduate studies. 59% of respondents spend most of the day at work, 25% of respondents at school/college, only 13% of respondents spend most of the day at home. 69% of respondents engage in physical activities, while 31% of respondents decided not to engage in physical activities. Respondents who do not engage in any physical activity cited: 49% of respondents lack of time, 36% lack of motivation, 9% work, 5% comfort zone, 2% respondents financial situation. Most respondents, 42%, consume fruit two or more times a week, while 36% of respondents consume vegetables daily. Regarding sweets, 43% of respondents consume sweets two or more times a week. 30% of respondents consume fast food meals up to twice a week, while 64% of respondents consume fast food meals once or twice a month. The majority of respondents 56% in this study have 2 to 3 meals a day, while a smaller percentage of respondents (27%) have 4 to 5 daily meals. According to the research results, the place of residence in Croatia does not affect an individual's physical activity and diet, while the level of education greatly affects an individual's physical activity. We also came to the result that respondents who believe that they eat properly, to a greater extent, perceive their body composition as normal or sports. Also, respondents who are engaged in physical activity in greater numbers consume from 1l to 2l of water per day, as well as more than 2l of water per day. |
