Cholelithiasis is a common disease of the biliary tract that affects a large portion of the global population. The primary function of the hepatobiliary system is to transport and release bile. Bile aids in the absorption and digestion of fats and fat-soluble vitamins while eliminating lipid-soluble waste products. Gallstones are hardened deposits of bile that can form within the gallbladder. In 90% of cases, gallstones are cholesterol stones. Most of the time, they are asymptomatic, but in symptomatic cases, a characteristic pain occurs in the upper right part of the abdomen after consuming fatty or spicy foods, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain that radiates to the right scapula or central back region. Treatment is indicated only for symptomatic gallstones, most commonly in the form of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Preoperative patient preparation begins with the surgeon's indication for the surgical procedure and the patient's consent for the operation. The role of the nurse in preoperative preparation is to mentally and physically prepare the patient for the surgical procedure, explain the procedure itself, and inform the patient about what to expect after the procedure. This helps prevent and reduce postoperative difficulties and complications. As the number of people worldwide suffering from diseases of the biliary tract continues to rise, this fact is the reason for conducting this research on the general population's attitudes and knowledge about gallstones. The aim of the research was to assess the knowledge and attitudes of the general population regarding gallstones as an increasingly common disease of the modern era. An online questionnaire consisting of 19 questions was distributed through social media. The study involved 416 participants from April 3 to June 1, 2023. The results obtained from the research show that the majority of participants in this study have some knowledge about gallstones and are aware of different aspects of gallbladder stones. Additionally, most of them know individuals who suffer from diseases of the biliary tract or they themselves have been affected. It is crucial to raise awareness about the potential complications and risk factors of this disease through future research and population education through teaching and counseling. The nurse/technician, who is an integral part of the multidisciplinary team, plays a significant role in this important process.