Diabetes in children is a complex and challenging health problem that requires a comprehensive approach and constant innovation in treatment. This research paper is based on the topic of diabetes in children, providing a deeper understanding of this chronic disease and considering the latest methods for its control. In the paper, we first investigate only diabetes as a condition in which the body cannot effectively regulate blood sugar levels. Diabetes is a global health problem that affects all age groups, including children. Its presence in childhood presents a special challenge for children, their families and health professionals. After we define diabetes, the different types of diabetes that can occur in children are explored and various aspects of treatment are studied, including proper therapy and ways to control glycemia. The special focus of this research is on considering the latest methods of diabetes control. These include glycemic devices, interstitial fluid glycemic devices, insulin delivery devices, sensor-assisted insulin pumps, do-it-yourself systems, and telemedicine applications. These innovations significantly affect the way diabetes in children is diagnosed and treated. The application of Croatian guidelines for the treatment of diabetes is also studied, looking back at how diabetes is treated in children in Croatia. The results of the research provide insight into the current methods of treatment and control of diabetes in children, emphasizing the importance of constant upgrading of these approaches. This research paper aims to enrich the understanding of diabetes in children and encourage further research and innovation to better care for this vulnerable population.