| Abstract | Salmonella je rod štapićastih, gram-negativnih bakterija koje pripadaju obitelji Enterobacteriaceae. Ove bakterije se obično nalaze u crijevima ljudi i životinja. Postoje različite vrste salmonele, a Salmonella enterica je najčešća vrsta koja može izazvati bolest kod ljudi. Infekcija salmonelom, također poznata kao salmoneloza, obično se prenosi konzumiranjem hrane ili vode kontaminirane bakterijama. Do ove kontaminacije može doći tijekom proizvodnog procesa, kao u slučaju proizvoda od peradi, ili kroz unakrsnu kontaminaciju u kuhinji. Simptomi infekcije salmonelom mogu varirati u težini, ali često uključuju proljev, grčeve u trbuhu, groznicu i povraćanje. U većini slučajeva ti se simptomi pojavljuju unutar nekoliko dana nakon izlaganja bakteriji i mogu trajati nekoliko dana. Dok se većina zdravih pojedinaca oporavi od salmoneloze bez ikakvog specifičnog liječenja, teški slučajevi mogu zahtijevati liječničku pomoć, pa čak i hospitalizaciju, posebno kod ranjivih populacija kao što su starije osobe, dojenčad ili osobe s oslabljenim imunološkim sustavom. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio staviti stavove i znanje opće populacije na test o salmoneli. Kao što je prepoznavanje, reakcija u slučaju nastanka bolesti, prevenciji i bolja edukacija stanovništva o toj bolesti. Istraživanje je provedeno od 20.10.2023-14.01.2024 godine putem društvenih mreža. Instrumentariji rada koji se koristio za istraživanje je bila anketa sa Google forms-a, postavljeno je 27 pitanja kako bi se utvrdilo stajalište i znanje ispitanika o zadanoj temi. Uvodni dio ankete je sastavljen od demografskih pitanja (dob, spol, radni status, mjesto stanovanja). Sudjelovalo je 105 ljudi, odnosno 105 odgovora je zabilježeno, što veliku većinu čine osobe ženskog spola 56,2% u odnosu na muški koji čine 43,8% sa većim stupnjem obrazovanja. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali povezanost sociodemografskih čimbenika s znanjem, stavom i praksom prema trovanju hranom. Analiza rezultata pokazuje zadovoljavajuću razinu znanja i pozitivne stavove ispitanika. Zaključak istraživanja nam donosi da su ljudi upoznati sa preventivnim mjerama i općem znanju o salmoneli. Dobro znanje i stavovi ne dovode uvijek do dobre prakse i u tom segmentu uloga medicinske sestre/tehničara stupa na snagu. Uloga medicinske sestre kod salmoneloze je višestruka i ključna u brizi o pacijentima, igra ključnu ulogu u podizanju svijesti o prevenciji zaraze salmonelom i promoviranju praksi koje smanjuju rizik od infekcije. |
| Abstract (english) | Salmonella is a genus of rod-shaped, gram-negative bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. These bacteria are commonly found in the intestines of humans and animals. There are various types of Salmonella, with Salmonella enterica being the most common type that can cause illness in humans. Salmonella infection, also known as salmonellosis, is typically transmitted through the consumption of food or water contaminated with the bacteria. This contamination can occur during the production process, such as in poultry products, or through cross-contamination in the kitchen. Symptoms of salmonella infection can vary in severity but often include diarrhea, abdominal cramps, fever, and vomiting. In most cases, these symptoms appear within a few days of exposure to the bacteria and can last for several days. While most healthy individuals recover from salmonellosis without any specific treatment, severe cases may require medical attention and even hospitalization, especially among vulnerable populations such as the elderly, infants, or individuals with weakened immune systems.
The aim of this research was to test the attitudes and knowledge of the general population about Salmonella. This includes recognition, response in case of disease onset, prevention, and better education of the population about this illness. The research was conducted from October 20, 2023, to January 14, 2024, via social media. The instrument used for the research was a survey on Google Forms, with 27 questions designed to determine the respondents' attitudes and knowledge on the given topic. The introductory part of the survey consisted of demographic questions (age, gender, employment status, place of residence). A total of 105 people participated, with 105 responses recorded, the majority of whom were female (56.2%) compared to males (43.8%), with a higher level of education. The research results showed a correlation between sociodemographic factors and knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding food poisoning. The analysis of the results indicates a satisfactory level of knowledge and positive attitudes among the respondents. The conclusion of the research reveals that people are familiar with preventive measures and general knowledge about Salmonella. Good knowledge and attitudes do not always lead to good practices, and in this segment, the role of nurses/technicians comes into play. The role of the nurse in salmonellosis is multifaceted and crucial in patient care, playing a key role in raising awareness about Salmonella prevention and promoting practices that reduce the risk of infection. |
