The Achilles tendon (AT) is the strongest tendon in the human body, but it is also frequently injured. It is the common tendon of the m. soleus and m. gastrocnemius muscles, which together form the m. triceps surae. Injuries to the AT are most commonly associated with middle-aged individuals, primarily males, as well as athletes and recreational exercisers. When the physiological stretching of the tendon fibers exceeds 8%, damage occurs. Various activities and deformities can lead the tendon to the point where it cannot return to its original state, ultimately resulting in degeneration and damaged tendon fibers. Qualitative and quantitative analyses have shown that the Achilles tendon is poorly vascularized along its length due to a small number of blood vessels in the cross-section. Therefore, it is believed that poor vascularization may also be a hindrance to adequate tissue repair after trauma and may lead to further weakening of the tendon. Haglund's disease or syndrome can be described as a painful heel condition caused by mechanically induced inflammation of the retrocalcaneal bursa, supracalcaneal bursa, and the Achilles tendon. The diagnosis is made clinically by measuring the movements in the ankle joint, palpation, and with the help of radiography. Nonoperative treatment includes shoe correction, heel lifts, oral anti-inflammatory medications, local injection for pain relief, extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), and iontophoresis. Tendinitis is an inflammatory reaction of the AT, which can be chronic or acute. It can be caused by internal factors such as foot deformities and external factors, the most common of which are training errors. It is localized 2 to 6 cm above the AT insertion, with the presence of swelling and pain. Tendinitis is often associated with a "snow crunching" sound. Conservative treatment of acute tendinitis includes shoe correction, wearing pads, applying cryotherapy, and using therapeutic ultrasound and lasers, while stretching exercises, iontophoresis, ESWT, and soft tissue mobilizations help in treating the chronic form. In the case of suspected AT rupture, physiotherapy assessment with the help of the Thompson test and the passive dorsiflexion test of the ankle in a prone position can easily confirm the rupture. If necessary, ultrasound and MRI can be performed. In nonoperative treatment, the injured tendon must be immobilized in a boot, splint, or cast, and it is important for the individual to follow a weekly rehabilitation protocol. Enthesopathies are located at the insertion of the Achilles tendon on the heel bone, where there is a possibility of bone spur formation and calcifications within the tendon at the insertion site. Treatment primarily includes eccentric exercises, injections if necessary, and heel lifts are recommended. ESWT and manipulative and mobilization techniques have shown good results.