| Abstract | Kronično-opstruktivna plućna bolest (KOPB) je kronična upala dišnih putova i plućnog parenhima koja dovodi do trajnih promjena u strukturi dišnih puteva i alveola, rezultirajući progresivnom opstrukcijom protoka zraka. KOPB je karakterizirana simptomima poput dispneje, kašlja i smanjenom plućnom funkcijom, a predstavlja ozbiljan javnozdravstveni problem. Poseban izazov predstavlja motiviranje osoba oboljelih od KOPB-a na redovitu tjelesnu aktivnost, koja je ključna za očuvanje zdravlja i kvalitete života.
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati utjecaj redovite tjelesne aktivnosti, prilagođene individualnim potrebama i mogućnostima osoba oboljelih od KOPB-a, na njihovu kvalitetu života, plućnu funkciju i samopouzdanje.
U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 37 ispitanika, od kojih je 31 sudjelovalo putem online ankete provedene putem Google Forms-a, dok je 6 ispitanika sudjelovalo putem usmene ankete provedene u Službi za plućne bolesti i TBC Klenovnik. Istraživački instrument koji je korišten bio je upitnik koji je uključivao pitanja o tjelesnoj aktivnosti, simptomima bolesti i kvaliteti života. Istraživanje je provedeno od travnja do kraja lipnja 2024. godine.
Rezultati su pokazali da je većina ispitanika u online anketi bila ženskog spola, dok su u usmenoj anketi prevladavali ispitanici muškog spola. U pogledu stadija KOPB-a, najzastupljeniji su bili umjereni do teški stadiji bolesti, a trajanje dijagnoze variralo je od jedne do više od pet godina. Osobe su najčešće osjećale dispneju pri bržem hodanju ili na blagoj uzbrdici, prema skali za dispneju. Što se tiče tjelesne aktivnosti, ispitanici su se najčešće bavili hodanjem, vožnjom bicikla i šetnjom, ali su kao glavne prepreke naveli loše vremenske uvjete i nedostatak motivacije i podrške. Velika većina ispitanika primijetila je poboljšanje u kvaliteti života uz redovitu tjelesnu aktivnost, navodeći pozitivan utjecaj na samopouzdanje i plućnu funkciju. Nakon provedenog istraživanja uočeno je da se velika većina ispitanika bavi tjelesnom aktivnošću svaki dan ili barem nekoliko puta tjedno. Međutim, mnogima nedostaje edukacija o tome koje su tjelesne aktivnosti najprikladnije s obzirom na njihovu dijagnozu, stadij bolesti i trajanje simptoma. Svi ispitanici istaknuli su potrebu za podrškom i osloncem, a mnogi smatraju da bi treninzi pod stručnim vodstvom bili od velike pomoći. Veća uključenost zdravstvenih djelatnika i osnivanje plućnih rehabilitacijskih centara moglo bi značajno doprinijeti boljoj prilagodbi i redovitom provođenju tjelesne aktivnosti kod osoba oboljelih od KOPB-a. |
| Abstract (english) | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammation of the airways and pulmonary parenchyma that leads to permanent changes in the structure of the airways and alveoli, resulting in progressive airflow obstruction. COPD is characterized by symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and reduced lung function, and it represents a serious public health issue. A particular challenge is motivating individuals with COPD to engage in regular physical activity, which is crucial for maintaining health and quality of life.
The aim of this study was to examine the impact of regular physical activity, tailored to the individual needs and capabilities of people with COPD, on their quality of life, lung function, and self-confidence.
The study involved a total of 37 respondents participated in the study, with 31 participating through an online survey conducted via Google Forms, and 6 respondents participating through an oral survey conducted at the Klenovnik Hospital, in the pulmonary disease clinic. The research instrument used was a questionnaire that included questions about physical activity, disease symptoms, and quality of life. The study was conducted from April to the end of June 2024.
The results showed that the majority of respondents in the online survey were female, while in the oral survey, male respondents predominated. Regarding the stages of COPD, the most prevalent were moderate to severe stages of the disease, and the duration of diagnosis varied from one to more than five years. Participants most often experienced dyspnea during faster walking or on a slight incline, according to the dyspnea scale. In terms of physical activity, participants most frequently engaged in walking, cycling, and strolling, but cited poor weather conditions and lack of motivation and support as the main barriers. A large majority of respondents noticed an improvement in quality of life with regular physical activity, citing a positive impact on self-confidence and lung function. After conducting the study, it was observed that the vast majority of participants engage in physical activity every day or at least several times a week. However, many lack education on which physical activities are most appropriate given their diagnosis, disease stage, and symptom duration. All respondents highlighted the need for support and reliance, and many believe that training under professional supervision would be of great help. Greater involvement of healthcare professionals and the establishment of pulmonary rehabilitation centers could significantly contribute to better adaptation and regular physical activity among individuals with COPD. |
