| Abstract | Urinarna inkontinencija stanje je koje zahvaća poprilično veliki broj trudnica, a u današnje se vrijeme nažalost još uvijek nedovoljno dijagnosticira i liječi. Inkontinencija se može definirati kao nevoljan gubitak urina te predstavlja značajan higijenski, zdravstveni i socijalni problem. Na njezinu pojavnost utječe više faktora. Dob, pretilost, urinarne infekcije, prethodni porodi, smanjena tjelesna aktivnost te brojne anatomske i fiziološke promjene do kojih dolazi tijekom trudnoće, jedni su od najčešćih razloga njezine pojave. Postoji više vrsta i podvrsta, a njihov opseg simptoma i znakova podosta je širok i različit. Statička, urgentna i miješana najčešće su vrste urinarnih inkontinencija kod trudnica. Njezina učestalost postepeno raste s gestacijskom dobi, a najveća je u trećem tromjesečju. Posljedično tome što ima popriličan utjecaj na život trudnice, kvaliteta njezina života uvelike se smanjuje. Unatoč svim problemima na koje utječe, urinarna inkontinencija se ipak nedostatno dijagnosticira i liječi. Istraživanja govore kako je razlog tome osjećaj neugodnosti i srama, nedovoljne informiranosti o liječenju, strah od stigmatizacije te ustručavanje u traženju medicinske pomoći. Stoga je iznimno važno na vrijeme otkriti njenu pojavnost i upoznati trudnicu s odgovarajućim liječenjem. Dijagnoza se postavlja na temelju raznih postupaka, koji uključuju anamnezu, ginekološki pregled te primjenu brojnih testova. U procesu liječenja, fizioterapija ima dosta važnu ulogu. Primjenjuju se trening mišića zdjeličnog dna, mokraćnog mjehura, knack te elektromagnetna stimulacija, koji su od izrazito velike pomoći. Uz pomoć suvremenih dijagnostičkih i terapijskih metoda, postižu se optimalni rezultati liječenja i omogućuje kvalitetan život trudnice. U ovom radu je provedeno istraživanje koje je uključivalo trudnice s urinarnom inkontinencijom. Cilj istraživanja je bio otkriti učestalost pojave urinarne inkontinencije u trudnoći, informiranost trudnica o liječenju i kako inkontinencija utječe na kvalitetu njihovih života. |
| Abstract (english) | Urinary incontinence is a condition that affects quite a large number of pregnant women, and unfortunately, it is still insufficiently diagnosed and treated nowadays. Incontinence can be defined as the involuntary loss of urine and represents a significant hygiene, health, and social problem. Several factors influence its occurrence. Age, obesity, urinary infections, previous births, reduced physical activity and numerous anatomical and physiological changes that occur during pregnancy are some of the most common reasons for its occurrence. There are several species and subspecies, and their scope of symptoms and signs is quite wide and different. Static, urgent, and mixed are the most common types of urinary incontinence in pregnant women. Its frequency gradually increases with gestational age, and is highest in the third trimester. As a result of the fact that it has a considerable impact on the life of a pregnant woman, the quality of her life is greatly reduced. Despite all the problems it affects, urinary incontinence is still insufficiently diagnosed and treated. Research shows that the reason for this is a feeling of embarrassment and shame, insufficient information about treatment, fear of stigmatization, and reluctance to seek medical help. Therefore, it is extremely important to detect its occurrence in time and introduce the pregnant woman to the appropriate treatment. The diagnosis is made on the basis of various procedures, which include anamnesis, gynecological examination, and the application of numerous tests. Physiotherapy plays a very important role in the treatment process. Training of the muscles of the pelvic floor, bladder, knack and electromagnetic stimulation are used, which are extremely helpful. With the help of modern diagnostic and therapeutic methods, optimal treatment results are achieved and a quality life of the pregnant woman is enabled. In this paper, a study was conducted that included pregnant women with urinary incontinence. The aim of the research was to find out the frequency of occurrence of urinary incontinence in pregnancy, information about the treatment of pregnant women, and how incontinence affects the quality of their lives. |
