| Abstract | Siva mrena očna je bolest koja može direktno ili posredno dovesti do privremene ili trajne
sljepoće. Siva mrena, odnosno katarakta označava svako zamućenje očne leće. Jedno takvo
zamućenje, progresivnog je karaktera. Nerijetko dovodi do slijepoće. Međutim, operativnim
zahvatom odstranjenja te zamućene leće, pacijentu se ponovno vraća vid, odnosno vrati mu
se vidna oštrina kakva je bila prije pojave zamućenja. Ukoliko pacijent primjeti pad vidne
oštrine, pojavu sivila, iznenadno otežanu noćnu vožnju, svakako treba posumnjati na
prisutnost katarakte, te sukladno tome potraiti pomoć liječnika oftalmologa. Iako su simptomi
dosta specifični, i dalje se ne može samo na temelju anamneze odrediti dijagnoza. U
oftalmološkoj ambulanti, potrebno je obaviti kompletan oftalmološki pregled kako bi se
ustanovilo radi li se doista o sivoj mreni, te postoje li kakve pridružene bolesti oka. Razvoj
medicine, utjecao je i na razvoj operativnog zahvata odstranjenja sive mrene. Uloga
medicinske sestre/tehničara od iznimne je važnosti na svim razinama zdravstvene zaštite.
Medicinska sestra/tehničar pridonose u samoj dijagnostici bolesti i educiraju bolesnika o
načinu operacije kao i mogućim komplikacijama. Također, bez njih nije moguće provesti ni
sam operativni zahvat. Nakon operativnog zahvata, njihova je pak uloga provesti
postoperativnu zdravstvenu njegu te edukaciju pacijenta i obitelji o daljem liječenju ili
korištenju pomagala.
Cilj rada je tumačenje bolesti oka sive mrene. U radu je prikazan povijesni razvoj
saznanja o sivoj mreni, isto kao i povijesni razvoj operativnog zahvata vezanog uz
odstranjenje sive mrene. Naglasak je stavljen i na ulogu medicinske sestre/tehničara od same
dijagnostike, edukacije, pripreme na operativni zahvat, postupaka na sam operativni dan te
poslijeoperacijske zdravstvene njege. Obrađene su i najčešće sestrinske dijagnoze. |
| Abstract (english) | Cataract disease can led directly or indirectly to temporary or permanent blindness.
Cataract denotes any blurring of the eye lens. One such turbulence is of a progressive
character. It often leads to blindness. However, by surgical removal of this cloudy lens, the
patient is restored to vision, his or her visual acuity, as it was before the appearance of
cloudiness, is returned. If a patient notices a decrease in visual acuity, appearance of grey,
sudden difficulty in night driving, one should definetly suspect the presence od a cataract, and
seek the assistance of an opfthalmogist doctor accordingly. Although the symptoms are very
specific, a diagnosis cannot yet be determined based solely on a history. In ophtalmological
surgery, it is necessary to perform a complete ophtalmological examination in order to
dtermine whether there are any associated eye diseases. The development of medicine also
influenced the development of surgery to remove the cataract. The role of nurse/technician is
of utmost importance at all levels of health care. The nurse/technician contributes to the
disease diagnosis itself and educates the patient about the mode of surgery as well as possible
to perform the surgery itself. After surgery, their role is to carry out post-operative health care
and educate patients and families about further treatment or use of aids.
The aim of this paper is to interpret the sickness of the cataract. The paper presents
historical development of information about cataract, as well as the historical development of
the operation related to the removal of cataract. The emphasis was also placed on the roe of
nurse/technician from the very diagnostics, education, preparation for surgery, procedures on
the operational day itself and post-operative health care. Nurse diagnoses were also
elaborated. |
