| Abstract | U svijetu postoji veliki broj oštećenja, bolesti i stanja koja se predstavljaju i doživljavju kao javnozdravstveni problemi, a jedan od njih je i invaliditet. Svjetska zdravstvena organizacija invaliditet definira kao bilo kakvo ograničenje ili nedostatak sposobnosti za obavljanje neke aktivnosti na način ili u opsegu koji se smatra normalnim za ljudsko biće. Procjenjuje da u svijetu živi preko milijardu osoba s nekim oblikom invaliditeta, što čini oko 15% svjetske populacije. U 2019. godini u Republici Hrvatskoj bilo je 511 281 osoba s invaliditetom, a 147 502 (najviše) slučajeva čine osobe s lokomotornim oštećenjem. Time tjelesni invaliditet zauzima prvo mjesto po učestačosti u Republici Hrvatskoj. Tjelesni invaliditet se prikazuje kao smanjena mogućnost normalnog tjelesnog funkcioniranja nastalo djelovanjem različitih čimbenika, a uključuje gubitak osjetila, oštećenja lokomotornog sustava, kronične bolesti i stanja nastala zbog poremećaja u živčanom sustavu. Negativno mišljenje o invaliditetu bilo je vrlo dominantno kroz povijest što je posljedično stvorilo negativne osjećaje prema osobama s invaliditetom. To su osjećaji straha, odbojnosti, sažaljnja, nesigurnosti i najčešće se pokazuju u prisustvu osobe koja posjeduje određeni invaliditet. Predrasude, diskriminacija, nasilje, stigma i kršenje ljudskih prava česte prepreke s kojima se susreću osobe s invaliditetom i mogu predstavljati veći problem nego inveliditet kojeg osoba posjeduje. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio ispitati odnos okoline prema osobama s tjelesnim invaliditetom. Ispitati kakav je utjecaj demografskih obilježja sudionika na njihov odnos prema osobama s tjelesnim invaliditetom. Postoji li povezanost učestalosti kontakata i osobnih iskustava s osobama s tjelesnim invaliditetom na odnos prema njima, te kakav je odnos ispitanika prema osobama s tjelesnim invaliditetom uzevši u obzir njihovo zanimanje. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 125 sudionika pretežno ženskog spola. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da sudionici imaju jednako pozitivan odnos prema osobama s tjelesnim invaliditetom bez obzira na demografska obilježja, te da sudionici koji rade u zdravstvenom sustavu imaju pozitivniji odnos u odnosu na one koji rade u drugim sustavima. Također je utvrđeno da ne postoji povezanost između učestalosti kontakata i odnosa prema osobama s tjelesnim invaliditetom, odnosno sudionici imaju jednako pozitivan odnos prema osobama s tjelesnim invaliditetom. |
| Abstract (english) | There are a large number of impairments, diseases and conditions in the world that are presented as public health problems, including disability. The World Health Organization defines disability as any limitation or lack of ability to perform an activity in a manner or to an extent considered normal to a human being. It is estimated that there are over a billion people with some form of disability in the world, which is about 15% of the world's population. In Croatia in 2019, there were 511,281 persons with disabilities, and 147,502 cases were persons with locomotor impairment. Thus, in Croatia, physical disability ranks first in frequency. Physical disability is presented as a reduced ability to function normally due to a variety of factors, including loss of sensation, damage to the locomotor system, chronic illness, and conditions caused by disorders of the nervous system.Negative perceptions of disability have been very dominant throughout history which has created negative feelings towards people with disabilities. These feelings are fear, repulsion, pity, insecurity and are most often manifested in the presence of a person who possesses a particular disability. Prejudice, discrimination, violence, stigma and human rights violations are common barriers faced by people with disabilities and can be a bigger problem than disability itself. The aim of this study was to examine the attitude of the population towards people with physical disabilities. Examine the impact of respondents' demographic characteristics on their attitudes towards people with physical disabilities. Is there a correlation between the frequency of contacts and personal experiences with people with physical disabilities and the attitude towards them, and what is the attitude of the respondents towards people with physical disabilities, taking into account their profession.The study involved 125 respondents, mostly female. The obtained results show that participants have an equally positive attitude towards people with physical disabilities regardless of demographic characteristics, and that participants working in the health sector have a more positive attitude compared to those working in other sectors. It was also found that there is no correlation between the frequency of contacts and attitudes towards people with physical disabilities. That is, participants have an equally positive attitude towards people with physical disabilities. |
