Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) is a significant human pathogen. The history of this bacterium is interesting due to numerous scientific and medical achievements. Due to serious diseases and the consequences it can cause, The World Health Organization has classified it among the 12 most important pathogens. Hence, the overarching aim is to investigate this microbial agent in as much detail as possible to reduce the number of patients and deaths. The consequences caused by H. influenzae need to be reduced in underdeveloped and developing countries because there is still no adequate prevention, care and education. All of this is the prime reason for conducting research on the knowledge and attitudes of the general population about H. influenzae. The initial goal was to examine the general population about the bacterium and then encourage them to self-educate on this topic, especially about the vaccine as a very effective prevention measure. For the purposes of the research, the questionnaire "Clinical and public health significance of Haemophilus influenzae infection" was used, developed in the application "Google Forms”, and distributed to the general population for resolution via the social network "Facebook". The questionnaire consisted of 22 questions divided into 2 parts: sociodemographic characteristics and attitudes and knowledge about H. influenzae. At the end of the questionnaire an educational video about the microorganism was included, so that participants could acquire the necessary knowledge. A total of 244 answers have been collected, of which 77.9% of participants were female and 22.1% male gender. The results of the research indicate that the participants are informed about the bacterial species H. influenzae, but still do not have the necessary knowledge. Given the range of complications caused by the bacterium, improved education is certainly needed, especially on the existence of a vaccine as a preventive measure. Namely, according to the results of the research, it turned out that many people do not know that there is a vaccine against the H. influenzae bacterium. The nurse played an important role in educating the population and must also react in a timely manner in the case of infections and provide psychological support to the patient and their family.