Title Kvaliteta života oboljelih od celijakije u sjeverozapadnoj Hrvatskoj
Title (english) Quality of life of patients with celiac disease in northwestern Croatia
Author Dijana Biškup
Mentor Tomislav Meštrović (mentor)
Committee member Rosana Ribić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Tomislav Meštrović (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Hrvojka Soljačić Vraneš (član povjerenstva)
Granter University North (University centre Varaždin) (Department of Nursing) Koprivnica
Defense date and country 2021-10-04, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Public Health and Health Care Public Health
Abstract Celijakija je kronična autoimuna bolest koja je posljedica unosa glutena i njegovih srodnih bjelančevina koje se nalaze u pšenici, raži, ječmu, a mogu se naći i u zobi. Javlja se češće kod osoba koje imaju genetsku sklonost. Svrstana je među najčešće kronične bolesti kod djece i odraslih. Smatra se da pogađa oko 1% ukupnog stanovništva Europe, dok kod mnogih bolest ostaje dugo nedijagnosticirana i neprepoznata. To uvelike ovisi o samoj osviještenosti oboljelih, informiranosti liječnika, o samom prepoznavanju simptoma bolesti na vrijeme te dostupnosti izrazito točnih dijagnostičkih metoda. Zlatnim standardom za dokazivanje dijagnoze celijakije uz pozitivnu serologiju smatra se biopsija sluznice tankog crijeva. Masovni probir na bolest, za sada se ne provodi, iz tog razloga jer još uvijek ne postoje ujednačeni kriteriji. Jedino učinkovito i pravilno liječenje celijakije je stroga bezglutenska prehrana. Celijakija je bolest koja je doživotna, a ako se ne liječi dovodi do brojnih i vrlo ozbiljnih zdravstvenih komplikacija, te ujedno utječe i na samu kvalitetu života oboljelih.
Cilj istraživanja u sklopu ovog diplomskog rada bio je ispitati kvalitetu života oboljelih od celijakije u sjeverozapadnoj Hrvatskoj. U istraživanju je korišten kvantitativni pristup i obuhvaćeno je 49 sudionika s područja sjeverozapadne Hrvatske. Korišten je manji prigodni uzorak zbog relativno malog broja takvih oboljenja, a anketa je provedena u kolovozu 2021. godine. Za dobivanje podataka u istraživanju korišten je anketni upitnik, koji je samostalno izrađen za potrebe provođenja ovog istraživanja. Samo sudjelovanje u upitniku bilo je anonimno i dobrovoljno.
Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju nam na glavne probleme oboljelih od celijakije, koji se vežu uglavnom na nedovoljno dostupnih bezglutenskih proizvoda u trgovinama, nepostojanje bezglutenskih menija u vrtićima i školama, te dostupnost bezglutenskih jela u restoranima i pekarnicama. Prema istraživanju važno je istaknuti da zdravstveni djelatnici iznimno rijetko oboljelima od celijakije uzimaju u obzir emocionalne učinke života s tom bolesti, kao i pružanje psihološke podrške uz stručnu pomoć. Važnu ulogu ima medicinska sestra koja svojim znanjem i vještinama utječe na informiranje i dobrobit oboljelih od celijakije, te uključivanje empatije i psihološke podrške. Dolazimo do zaključka da ispitanici usprkos problemima koje su iskazali imaju donekle svoj optimizam i relativno skromno zadovoljstvo životom.
Abstract (english) Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disease that results from the intake of gluten and its related proteins found in wheat, rye, and barley, and can also be found in oats. It occurs more often in people who have a genetic predisposition. It is classified as one of the most common chronic diseases of children and adults, and thought to affect about 1% of the total population of Europe. For many the disease remains undiagnosed and unrecognized for a long time, which largely depends on the awareness of patients, physician awareness, the recognition of the symptoms of the disease in time and the availability of extremely accurate diagnostic methods. The gold standard for proving the diagnosis of celiac disease with positive serology is a biopsy of the small intestinal mucosa. Mass screening for the disease is not being conducted for the time being since there are still no uniform criteria. The only effective and proper treatment for celiac disease is a strict gluten-free diet. Celiac disease is a disease that is lifelong, and if left untreated it leads to numerous and very serious health complications, and at the same time affects the quality of life of patients.
The aim of the research within this hesis was to examine the quality of life of patients with celiac disease in northwestern Croatia. The research approach entailed a quantitative approach and included 49 participants from the area of northwestern Croatia. A smaller sample was used due to the relatively small number of such diseases, and the survey was conducted in August 2021. To obtain data in the research, a survey questionnaire was used, which was independently developed for the purposes of conducting this research. Participation in the questionnaire was anonymous and voluntary.
The obtained results indicate the main problems of celiac patients, which are mainly related to insufficiently available gluten-free products in stores, the lack of gluten-free menus in kindergartens and schools, and the availability of gluten-free meals in restaurants and bakeries. According to this research, it is important to point out that health professionals very rarely consider the emotional effects of living with celiac disease, as well as providing psychological support with professional help. An important role is played by the nurse, who with her knowledge and skills influences the information and well-being of people with celiac disease, as well as the inclusion of empathy and psychological support. We concluded that the respondents, despite the problems they expressed, have a certain dose of optimism and relatively modest satisfaction with life.
Keywords
celijakija
osviještenost
bezglutenska prehrana
kvaliteta života
medicinska sestra
Keywords (english)
celiac disease
awareness
gluten-free diet
quality of life
nurse
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:122:140383
Study programme Title: Nursing Study programme type: university Study level: graduate Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra sestrinstva (magistar/magistra sestrinstva)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2022-03-30 08:43:53