| Abstract | U Wuhanu, Kini se 2019. godine pojavio novi virus SARS-CoV-2 koji uzrokuje bolest COVID-19. Bolest se rapidno proširila po čitavom svijetu te je Svjetska Zdravstvena Organizacija 11.03.2020. proglasila COVID-19 bolest pandemijom. SARS-CoV virus uzrokuje infekciju donjih dišnih puteva i razvija pneumoniju. Tijekom pandemije taj virus je i mutirao u različite sojeve te je Svjetska Zdravstvena Organizacija izdvojila 5 zabrinjavajućih sojeva koronavirusa. Do danas je zabilježeno više od 610 milijuna slučajeva zaraze te više od 6,5 milijuna preminulih od COVID-19 bolesti. Individualci svih dobnih skupina su u riziku od obolijevanja od infekcije, međutim, osobe starije od 60 godina i pacijenti s medicinskim komorbiditetima imaju povećan rizik da razviju teški oblik COVID-19 bolesti. Klinička slika varira od pojedinca do pojedinca ali se izdvaja nekoliko ključnih simptoma kao vrućica, kašalj i nedostatak daha. Dodatni simptomi mogu uključivati i gubitak okusa i mirisa, gastrointestinalne probleme, mučninu i povraćanje. Težina bolesti varira od blage do kritičnog stanja, a pacijentu mogu biti pozitivni i bez simptoma. „Zlatni standard” u dijagnostici je PCR test, ali brzina i dostupnost brzog antigenskog testa dovodi taj test u širu primjenu.
Zdravstvena pismenost je sposobnost individualca da skupi, procesuira i razumije osnovne informacije o zdravlju i zdravstvenim uslugama te da prema njima radi prikladne odluke za svoje zdravlje. Povećanje zdravstvene pismenosti sa sobom donosi i bolju kvalitetu života te snažnu podlogu za nošenje s različitim situacijama u zdravstvu. Važno je prepoznati zdravstvenu pismenost kao važnu kariku u borbi protiv bolesti i pokrenuti pomak koji će od zdravstvenog sustava fokusiranog na bolesti doći do sustava fokusiranog na ljude i zdravlje.
Kako se širila i pandemija tako je i ''infodemija'' počela prodirati u živote opće populacije. Velika količina informacija dovodi do okruženja gdje je jako lako napraviti propust i protumačiti pogrešnu informaciju kao točnu.
Ovo istraživanje se fokusiralo na provjeru zdravstvene pismenosti opće populacije u doba COVID-19 pandemije te na navike ljudi u doba pandemije, na koji način se oni nose s novonastalom situacijom te razmišljanja o mjerama sprječavanja širenja zaraze, cjepivu i proglašenju kraja pandemije. |
| Abstract (english) | In Wuhan, China, a new virus SARS-CoV-2 appeared in 2019, causing a new COVID-19 disease. The illness rapidly spread all across the world, so the World Health Organisation, 11.03.2020, announced a COVID-19 pandemic. SARS-CoV virus causes infection of the lower respiratory tract and causes pneumonia. During the pandemic, the virus mutated into different variants and World Health Organization proclaimed 5 variants of concern. Until today, there have been more than 610 million cases of COVID-19 and more than 6,5 million dead. Individuals of all ages are at risk of getting the infection, but people older than 60 years old and patients with medical comorbidities have an increased risk of developing a severe stage of COVID-19. The evaluation of the patient varies from individual to individual but there are some key symptoms, like fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Additional symptoms can include loss of taste and smell, gastrointestinal issues, nausea, and vomiting. Severeness of the disease varies from a mild state all the way to a critical state, and patients can also have no symptoms at all. The golden standard in diagnostic is the PCR test, but the quickness and availability of a rapid antigen test brings it to a wider application.
Health literacy is an ability of an individual to gather, process, and understand information about health and health services so that they can bring appropriate decisions for their own health. Increasing the level of health literacy brings a better quality of life and a strong base to deal with different situations in medicine. It's important to recognize health literacy as a very important piece in the fight against disease and the one piece that will start a movement to make the health system focused not on disease but focused on health and people.
As the pandemic was spreading, ''infodemic'' started making its way into the lives of the general population. A huge load of information makes an environment where it's very easy to make oversight and think that a wrong fact is a correct one.
This research focused on the measuring of health literacy of the general population at the time of a COVID-19 pandemic and on the habits of people at the time of the pandemic, see in which way are they reacting to the newly founded situation, and their thoughts about COVID-19 prevention measures, vaccines and announcing the end of a pandemic. |
