| Abstract | CILJ: Prema SZO ozljede su treći uzrok smrtnosti kod svih dobnih skupina. Bolesnici koji su doživjeli traumu, prema istraživanjima, najčešće izvješćuju o nezadovoljstvu liječenjem njihove boli. Liječenje bola kod traume je posebno izazovno s obzirom na širok spektar ozljeda i ograničene resurse dostupne u hitnoj medicinskoj službi. Važno je da zaposlenici u hitnim službama imaju širok spektar znanja iz liječenja bola. Glavni cilj ove studije je utvrditi učestalost primjene analgetika tijekom izvanbolničkog hitnog zbrinjavanja bolesnika s traumom.
METODE: U ovu retrospektivnu opservacijsku studiju uključeni su bolesnici na području Varaždinske županije, u izvanbolničkim uvjetima doživjeli traumu te zbrinuti od strane djelatnika Nastavnog Zavoda za hitnu medicinu Varaždinske županije u razdoblju od 1.1.2021. do 31.12.2021. godine. Za svakog ispitanika uključenog u istraživanje analizirani s podatci iz medicinske dokumentacije: dob, spol, vrsta traume, procjena bola, vrsta lijeka, doza lijeka, put primjena, ponovna procjena bola, transportna imobilizacija. Studija je provedena u sklopu izrade diplomskog rada. REZULTATI: U istraživanje je bilo uključeno ukupno 46,3 % žena i 53,6 % muškaraca. Žene su bile statistički značajno starije. Bol je procijenjen u 94,9 % bolesnika. U 5,1 % bolesnika bol nije procijenjen. 27,9 % bolesnika nije se žalilo na bol, blagi bol zabilježen je u 14,9 % bolesnika, umjereni bol u 40,1 %, te jaki bol u 12,1 % bolesnika. Ponovna procjena bola je procijenjena u 39,3 % bolesnika. Analgetik je primilo 12,9 % muškaraca i 19,2 % žena, te je razlika statistički značajna. Kod muškaraca najčešće su bile ozljede glave i vrata, dok kod žena ozljede donjih ekstremiteta. Kod žena je češće korištena transportna imobilizacija, te je ta razlika statistički značajna. Od lijekova najčešće korišteni analgetik za jaki i umjereni bol je tramadol.
ZAKLJUČAK: Rezultati pokazuju veliki postotak oligoanalgezije koji je identičan ostalim istraživanjima u IHMS i OHBP-u. Lijek izbora kod jakog bola
ne prati trenutne smjernice za liječenje bola. Ne postoje važeći algoritmi za liječenje bola. |
| Abstract (english) | AIM: According to the SZO injuries are the third cause of fatalities in all age groups. According to the research, patients who lived through trauma most often voice dissatisfaction regarding treating their pain. Dealing with pain caused by trauma is especially challenging because of the wide spectrum of injuries and the limited resources available in the ER. It is important that healthcare workers working in ER have a wide spectrum of knowledge regarding treating pain. The aim of this study is to establish how frequently analgesics are used during pre-hospital and urgent treatment of patients with trauma.
METHOD: This is a retrospective and observational study in which the sample were patients from Varaždin county who experienced physical trauma in a pre-hospital environment and were treated by employees of the Educational institute for emergency medicine of Varaždin county between the 1st of January 2021 and the 31st of December 2021. The data about Age, gender, type of trauma, estimation of pain, type of medication used, the dosage of medication, way of administrating the medication, re-estimation of pain, and transport immobilization were taken from medical documentation for each participant in the study. The study was carried out as part of master`s thesis.
RESULTS: This research consisted of 46,3 % women and 53,6 % men. Statistically, women were significantly older. The pain was estimated in 94,9 % of patients, and 5,1 % of patients did not estimate the severity of their pain. 27,9 % did not complain of any pain, light pain was recorded in 14,9 % of patients, moderate pain in 40,1 %, and strong pain in 12,1 % of patients. Re-estimation of pain was used for 39,3 % of patients. 12,9 % of men and 19,2 % of women were administered analgesics, and the difference is statistically significant. Men most commonly came in with injuries to the head and neck, while women most often had injuries to lower extremities. Transport immobilization was more commonly used in women and the difference is
statistically significant. The most often used analgesic for moderate and strong pain is tramadol.
CONCLUSION: Results show a large percentage of oligoanalgesia. This result is identical to the rest of the research conducted by IHMS and OHBP. The medication of choice in cases of strong pain does not follow current guidelines for curing pain and there are no set algorithms for curing pain. |
