Salmonella are gram negative bacteria; optionally anaerobic, they are moveable sticks which belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family, thus being intestinal infectious diseases. On the basis of the somatic O antigen, flagellar H antigen and surfice Vi antigen, salmonella can be classified in more than 2500 serotypes. For epidemiological and clinical reasons, salmonella are divided in two groups, the former consisting of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi (A, B and C) and the latter consisting of typhoid fever and paratyphoid agents. All the other salmonella are found under the common name of non-typhoidal salmonella; in most cases, they cause bacterial diarrhoea and hold the second position in Croatia. Nowadays, salmonelloses have been appearing more and more frequently all over the world and therefore present a considerable problem regarding public health and clinical medicine. Salmonella are transmitted by food, contacts with animals and there is also human-to-human transmission. People get infected if they consume infected eggs, meat, fish, milk, fruit and vegetables. Salmonella is transmitted feco-orally. They can long exist outside the host and are resistant to external conditions. Salmonellosis symptoms are diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, stomach pains and fever. The symptoms appear 12-72 hours since the consumption of infected food and the disease lasts 4-7 days. The disease is diagnosed on the basis of bacteriological examination for which a faecal sample is needed. We should also examine the samples of possibly infected food, as well as take the swabs of vessels and working surfaces connected to the infection. As for treating a Salmonella bacterium, it is essential to replace the lost liquid and electrolytes parenterally, i. e. per os. The treatment with antibiotics is not recommended since it could lead to a prolongued germ-carrying, although it is used with high-risk patients or those who suffer from a severe form of the disease. The antimicrobial drugs to be chosen are ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and cetriaxone. The gastrointestinal infections caused by salmonella are diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pains. The treatment includes rehydration, drug therapy and dietary nutrition. The activities of a nurse/a medical technician comprise hand hygiene, isolation of a patient, education, psychological support to a patient and prevention. The patient care includes pain relief, putting a patient into a comfortable position, treating a patient with prescribed pain relievers, antiemetics, antidiarrheals, antipyretics, easing the patient's fears, motivating the patient to drink liquid, applying the intravenous liquid replacement and preventing dehydration. Patients sholud be provided with peaceful environment, cosy microclimatic room conditions, privacy, hand hygiene, light diet and instructions about how to relax. Prevention is based on appropriate food storage, appropriate thermal food processing, avoiding to consume food of dubious origin and washing hands.