| Abstract | Tjelesna aktivnost vrlo je bitna za zdravlje ljudi. Ukoliko se sa tjelesnom aktivnošću, odnosno sportom, krene baviti u mlađoj životnoj dobi, rizik za razvoj preuranjenih kardiovaskularnih problema, dijabetesa, pretilosti i slično je manji. Neki od rizika za nastanak sportske ozljede su neadekvatna sportska oprema, neizliječena prijašnja ozljeda, te nedovoljna priprema sportaša. Ukoliko se dijete do određene dobi bavi samo jednim sportom, rizik za nastanak sportskih ozljeda je veći. Sportske ozljede definiramo kao ozljede nastale tijekom neke tjelesne aktivnosti.Za svakoga tko je vezan uz sportski teren vrlo je važno biti svjestan svih vrsta sportskih ozljeda, simptoma, prevencije i liječenja. Svi mladi i odrasli sportaši imaju iste osnovne tjelesne komponente, no neki aspekti mladog sportaša čine sklonijem ozljedama mišićno-koštanog sustava. Budući da još uvijek rastu, mladi sportaši imaju otvorene ploče rasta, koje kao slaba karika u mišićno-koštanom lancu, mogu lakše zadobiti ozljede, što dovodi do poremećaja ploče rasta, apofize i zglobnih površine. Sportske ozljede se uglavnom liječe konzervativno, odnosno fizioterapijom, a u slučajevima kada konzervativno liječenje ne daje rezultate, prelazi se na operativno liječenje. Kod nekih ozljeda, kao što je npr. ruptura prednjeg križnog ligamenta, u sportaša koji se želi nastaviti baviti sportom u prvom planu je operativno liječenje u smislu rekonstrukcije ligamenta. U rehabilitaciju sportskih ozljeda ubrajamo kineziterapiju, koja je jedna od najvažnijih metoda liječenja, zatim krioterapiju, termoterapiju i druge fizikalne metode. U ovom radu ukratko su opisane neke najčešće sportske ozljede kod djece. Uz sportske ozljede opisane su najvažnije fizioterapijske metode koje koristimo u rehabilitaciji istih. |
| Abstract (english) | Physical activity is very important for human health. If you start engaging in physical activity, ie sports, at a younger age, the risk of developing premature cardiovascular problems, diabetes, obesity and the like is lower. Some of the risks for sports injuries are inadequate sports equipment, untreated previous injuries, and insufficient preparation of athletes. If a child is involved in only one sport until a certain age, the risk of sports injuries is higher. Sports injuries are defined as injuries that occur during a physical activity. For anyone involved in a sports field, it is very important to be aware of all types of sports injuries, symptoms, prevention and treatment. All young and adult athletes have the same basic body components, but some aspects make a young athlete more prone to musculoskeletal injuries. Because they are still growing, young athletes have open growth plates, which, as a weak link in the musculoskeletal chain, can more easily sustain injuries, leading to disorders of the growth plate, apophysis, and articular surfaces. Sports injuries are mostly treated conservatively, ie with physiotherapy, and in cases when conservative treatment does not give results, it is switched to surgical treatment. In some injuries, such as rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament, in an athlete who wants to continue playing sports, surgical treatment is in the forefront in terms of ligament reconstruction. Rehabilitation of sports injuries includes kinesitherapy, which is one of the most important methods of treatment, followed by cryotherapy, thermotherapy and other physical methods. This paper briefly describes some of the most common sports injuries in children. In addition to sports injuries, the most important physiotherapeutic methods we use in their rehabilitation are described. |
