| Abstract | Koronavirusna bolest 2019 - COVID-19 uzrokovan je akutnim respiratornim sindromom koronavirusom 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Jedna od najtežih nuspojava je teška upala pluća uzrokovana s COVID-19 koja predstavlja izazove za istraživačke i medicinske zajednice. COVID-19 brzo se proširio diljem svijeta, što je dovelo do pandemije s visokom smrtnošću. Stariji zaraženi pacijenti obično imaju veće stope teške bolesti i smrtnosti. Imunosenscencija je važan uzrok upale pluća u starijih osoba s COVID 19. Zbog kombinacije osnovnih bolesti, kod starijih bolesnika mogu se ispoljiti atipične manifestacije kliničkih simptoma, te dolazi do potrebe za dopunskim pregledima i snimanja pluća, što zaslužuje posebnu pozornost. Tijekom postavljanja dijagnoze i liječenja potrebno je uzeti u obzir opće stanje starijih osoba. Uz rutinsku njegu i mjere, kao što su terapija kisikom, antivirusna terapija i respiratorna potpora, liječenje osnovne bolesti, nutritivna potpora, prevencija komplikacija iskašljavanja i psihološku podršku također treba uzeti u obzir za starije pacijente. Lijekovi koji se koriste uključuju antivirusne lijekove, kortikosteroide, glukokortikoide, antibiotike, potporu cirkulaciji, heparin, humani imunoglobulin. Jedan od najznačajnijih načina zaštite od teških oblika COVID-19 je cijepljenje koje je dobrovoljno za sve građane Republike Hrvatske. Cjepiva protiv COVID-19 pružaju snažnu zaštitu od ozbiljne bolesti, hospitalizacije i smrti. Postoje i neki dokazi da će cijepljenje smanjiti vjerojatnost prenošenja virusa na druge. COVID-19 predmet je mnogih istraživanja i svijet trenutno vodi utrku s njime da se što prije otkrije pravi lijek kako bi konačno dočekali kraj pandemije. |
| Abstract (english) | Coronavirus disease 2019 - COVID-19 is caused by acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). One of the most severe side effects is severe pneumonia caused by COVID-19, which poses challenges for the research and medical communities. COVID-19 spread rapidly around the world, leading to a pandemic with high mortality. Older infected patients tend to have higher rates of severe disease and mortality. Immunosenescence is an important cause of pneumonia in elderly people with COVID 19. Due to the combination of underlying diseases, elderly patients may exhibit atypical manifestations of clinical symptoms, and there is a need for additional examinations and imaging of the lungs, which deserves special attention. During diagnosis and treatment, it is necessary to take into account the general condition of the elderly. In addition to routine care and measures, such as oxygen therapy, antiviral therapy, and respiratory support, treatment of the underlying disease, nutritional support, prevention of expectoration complications, and psychological support should also be considered for older patients. Medications used include antivirals, corticosteroids, glucocorticoids, antibiotics, circulatory support, heparin, human immunoglobulin. One of the most important ways to protect against severe forms of COVID-19 is vaccination, which is voluntary for all citizens of the Republic of Croatia. Vaccines against COVID-19 provide strong protection against serious illness, hospitalization, and death. There is also some evidence that vaccination will reduce the likelihood of passing the virus on to others. COVID-19 is the subject of many researches and the world is currently running a race with it to discover the right cure as soon as possible in order to finally see the end of the pandemic. |
