| Abstract | Dojenje pruža brojne zdravstvene, nutritivne, imunološke, psihološke,
socijalne i ekonomske koristi za majku i dijete. Preporuke Svjetske
zdravstvene organizacije (WHO) i Međunarodnog dječjeg fonda Ujedinjenih
naroda (UNICEF, sada Dječji fond Ujedinjenih naroda) temelje se na dokazima
i potiču isključivo dojenje prvih šest mjeseci, uz nastavak dojenja do druge
godine života uz dohranu. Podaci iz baze podataka prijava poroda iz
zdravstvenih ustanova koja sadrži izvješća o svim porodima u zdravstvenim
ustanovama u Republici Hrvatskoj pokazuju da udio novorođenčadi dojene u
rodilištu varira, te je posljednjih godina zabilježen pad isključivo dojene djece
iako dojenje unutar jednog sata po rođenju pokazuje pozitivan trend. Pad
udjela isključivo dojene novorođenčadi zabrinjavajuć je i hitno poziva na
povećanje ulaganja i truda u promicanje pozitivnih aspekata dojenja za
zdravlje, edukaciju te pružanje adekvatnije podrške majkama i zdravstvenim
djelatnicima. Patronažne sestre igraju jednu od ključni uloga u podršci dojenja,
dajući savjete u prenatalnom, kao i praktičnu pomoć u postnatalnom razdoblju.
Njihova rana i konstantna intervencija, unutar mjesec dana od poroda, može
značajno utjecati na trajanje isključivog dojenja. Povezanost i suradnja
zdravstvenih radnika uključenih u promicanje dojenja ključni su za osiguranje
dosljedne, kvalitetne i sveobuhvatne podrške majkama i djetetu, te utjeću na
dužinu dojenja. Svi zdravstveni radnici u skrbi za majku i dijete – ginekolozi,
pedijatri, obiteljski liječnici, medicinske sestre, patronažne sestre i savjetnici
za dojenje – trebaju raditi zajedno kako bi promicali dojenje i osigurali da majke
dobiju dosljedne informacije i podršku, te tako utjecali na pozitivan trend
porasta novorođenčadi i dojenčadi koja su isključivo dojena ili hranjena
majčinim mlijekom. |
| Abstract (english) | Breastfeeding offers numerous health, nutritional, immunological,
psychological, social, and economic benefits for both mother and child.
Recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United
Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF, now the United
Nations Children's Fund) are evidence-based and advocate for exclusive
breastfeeding during the first six months, with continued breastfeeding up to
two years of age along with complementary feeding. Data from the birth
registration database of healthcare institutions, which contains reports on all
births in healthcare facilities in the Republic of Croatia, show that the rate of
newborns breastfed in maternity hospitals varies, and a decline in exclusively
breastfed infants has been recorded in recent years, although breastfeeding
within one hour of birth shows a positive trend. The decrease in the proportion
of exclusively breastfed newborns is concerning and urgently calls for
increased investment and effort in promoting the positive aspects of
breastfeeding for health, education, and providing more adequate support to
mothers and healthcare workers. Community nurses play a key role in
supporting breastfeeding, offering prenatal advice and practical postnatal
assistance. Their early and consistent intervention, within a month of childbirth,
can significantly influence the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. The
collaboration and coordination of healthcare professionals involved in
promoting breastfeeding are essential to ensure consistent, high-quality, and
comprehensive support for mothers and their children, and they impact the
length of breastfeeding. All healthcare workers involved in maternal and child
care – gynecologists, pediatricians, family physicians, nurses, community
nurses, and lactation consultants – should work together to promote
breastfeeding and ensure that mothers receive consistent information and
support, thereby contributing to a positive trend of increasing the number of
newborns and infants who are exclusively breastfed or fed with breast milk. |
