Sažetak | Dim cigarete je složena, heterogena mješavina više od 4000 spojeva, uključujući nikotin, ugljik monoksid, karcinogenih i teških metala. U trudnoći dim cigarete negativno utječe na ograničavajući opskrbu kisikom i hranjivim tvarima, mijenjajući njegov rast i utječe na razvoj organa kao što su mozga i pluća. Pušenje u samoj trudnoći negativno utječe na zdravlje majke i fetusa, pa se zbog toga zagovara prestanak pušenja kako bi se eliminirao ovaj čimbenik rizika i poboljšao ishod trudnoće. Pušenje se dugo povezivalo s povećanom stopom pobačaja, mrtvorođenih beba, abrupcija posteljice, prijevremenih poroda i niske porođajne težine. Novi dokazi upućuju na to da in utero izloženost pušenju ima dugotrajne neonatalne štetne posljedice kao što su poremećeni neurološki razvoj, endokrina disfunkcija i onkogeneza. Istraživanje je provedeno pomoću kvalitativnog pristupa metodom problemski usmjerenog polustrukturiranog intervjua koji omogućava ulazak u problematiku teme dublje i učinkovitije te bolji uvid u način razmišljanja trudnica. U istraživanje u ovom radu je bilo uključeno 14 trudnica od kojih 4 nikad nije nikad pušilo, 3 ih je prestalo pušiti kod samog saznanja trudnoće i 7 koje su aktivne pušačice. Rezultati su pokazali različitu informiranost žena o štetnosti pušenja tokom trudnoće, ali ipak mali broj se odlučuje na prekid pušenja i kod većine pitanja svaka ima različiti način razmišljanja. Svakako je trudnice važno informirati da se uključe u adekvatne programe ili savjetovališta da prestanu s pušenjem poželjno kod same spoznaje trudnoće ili barem da smanje koliko se to može. |
Sažetak (engleski) | Cigarette smoke is a complex, heterogeneous mixture of more than 4,000 compounds, including nicotine, carbon monoxide, carcinogens, and heavy metals. In pregnancy, cigarette smoke negatively affects limiting the supply of oxygen and nutrients, altering its growth and affecting the development of organs such as the brain and lungs. Cigarette smoking during pregnancy adversely affects maternal and fetal health, therefore smoking cessation is advocated to eliminate this risk factor and improve pregnancy outcome. Smoking has long been associated with increased abortion rates, stillbirths, placental abruption, premature births, and low birth weight. New evidence suggests that in utero exposure to smoking has long-term neonatal adverse effects such as impaired neurological development, endocrine dysfunction, and oncogenesis. This research was conducted with a qualitative approach using the method of a problem-oriented semi-structured interview, which enables a deeper and more effective way to find out the issues of this topic and a better understanding of how pregnant women think. 14 pregnant women were included in this research, 4 of them had never smoked, 3 of them stopped smoking when they found out about the pregnancy, and 7 of them are active smokers. Results showed that women have different information about the harmful effects of smoking during pregnancy, but still only a small number decide to stop smoking, and everyone has a different way of thinking about most questions. It is certainly important to inform pregnant women to join adequate programs or counseling centers, to stop smoking, preferably as soon as they find out about the pregnancy, or at least to reduce it as much as possible. |