Children who were exposed to prenatal, perinatal and/or postnatal risk factors are considered neuro-risk children. It is believed that 10-15% of the total number of newborns are born with neurological abnormalities, while 50% can be expected to have mild or severe neurological abnormalities. Severe neurological deviations are clinically manifested already in infancy, while milder neurological deviations manifest after the first year and up to school age in chronological order: slow motor development, underdevelopment of fine and gross motor skills, behavioral disorders, speech development disorders, and disorders in cognitive development. The most vulnerable groups include premature babies and children of lower birth weight due to the underdevelopment of body systems, especially the nervous system. The aim of this paper is to show the most influential risk factors that can cause deviations in the prenatal, perinatal and postnatal period, and to describe which conditions occur in low and high neurorisk children. Nursing interventions will also be presented in the paper, and how to help children with neurological deviations integrate into society, so that they do not feel socially isolated. The paper will emphasize the importance of education, both of health workers and parents of sick children.