Pain is a multidimensional and subjective experience that is associated with possible tissue damage or a potential threat to the individual's body. There are numerous definitions that attempt to capture the complexity of pain and its relationship to tissue damage, but also emphasize that pain is an individual experience that is important to recognize, understand, and adequately treat. There are several divisions of pain, but it is most often classified according to the pathophysiological mechanism of its occurrence and according to its duration. Physiotherapy pain assessment is an important step in pain management and ensuring appropriate care, and it should be started by taking an anamnesis, physical examination, and using a tool for subjective pain assessment. Physiotherapy approach to pain is a holistic approach used to assess, diagnose, and treat pain through various physiotherapy techniques, and the main goal of such an approach is to reduce pain, improve functionality, increase mobility, and improve quality of life. This review paper describes the physiotherapeutic approach to pain and the assessment of pain in specific pain conditions in premature infants, persons suffering from cerebral palsy, pregnancy, diseases of the spine, upper and lower extremities, and pain conditions of neurological etiology.