| Sažetak | Nogomet je igra koja se kroz stoljeća mijenjala od „nasilne igre“ do organizirane igre s jasno definiranim pravilima. Osim trenera, nutricionista i ostalih članova stručnog tima, iznimno važnu ulogu imaju i fizioterapeuti koji se bave prevencijom, dijagnozom i rehabilitacijom ozljeda. Oni pružaju podršku igračima kroz sve faze, od zagrijavanja do oporavka. U profesionalnom nogometu, većina ozljeda povezana je s donjim ekstremitetima i češće se događaju tijekom utakmica. Faktori poput razine natjecanja, tjelesne predispozicije igrača, klimatskih uvjeta i opreme igraju ključnu ulogu u nastanku ozljeda. Najznačajnije ozljede su kontuzije i istezanja mišića, ozljede ligamenata koljena i gležnja, ozljede meniska te tendinitis. U svrhu prevencije ozljeda koriste se programi zagrijavanja, kao što su FIFA 11+ i Knäkontroll, programi treninga snage, kao što je nordijska vježba, ali i ostali oblici koji nisu temeljeni na vježbama: spavanje, prehrana i hidracija, elastične trake i steznici te adekvatna obuća. Osnovna načela rehabilitacije podrazumijevaju: smanjenje opsega inicijalne ozljede, ubrzanje cijeljenja tkiva, ranu rehabilitaciju, individualni pristup, što raniji povratak aktivnostima u potpunom opsegu te korekciju čimbenika za nastanak novih ozljeda. U svrhu procjene angažmana fizioterapeuta u nogometnim klubovima provedeno je istraživanje u kojem je sudjelovalo 30 ispitanika. Pitanja su obuhvaćala najčešće i najrjeđe ozljede, načine prevencije i rehabilitacije, dodatne tečajeve koje su ispitanici završili, suradnju fizioterapeuta s liječnicima i trenerima u klubu, načine edukacije igrača i slično. Na temelju toga dobiveni su rezultati koji mogu doprinijeti bržem i učinkovitijem razvoju fizioterapije u sportskim klubovima. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | Soccer is a game that has changed over the centuries from a "violent game" to an organized game with clearly defined rules. In addition to trainers, nutritionists and other members of the professional team, physiotherapists who deal with prevention, diagnosis and rehabilitation of injuries play an extremely important role. They support players through all phases, from warm-up to recovery. In professional football, most injuries are related to the lower extremities and occur more frequently during matches. Factors such as the level of competition, physical predisposition of the player, climatic conditions and equipment play a key role in the occurrence of injuries. The most significant injuries are contusions and muscle strains, knee and ankle ligament injuries, meniscus injuries and tendinitis. In order to prevent injuries, warm-up programs, such as FIFA 11+ and Knäkontroll, strength training programs, such as Nordic exercise, but also other forms that are not based on exercises are used: sleep, nutrition and hydration, elastic bands and braces, and adequate footwear. The basic principles of rehabilitation include reducing the extent of the initial injury, accelerating tissue healing, early rehabilitation, individual approach, returning to full-scale activities as early as possible, and correcting factors for the occurrence of new injuries. In order to assess the involvement of physiotherapists in football clubs, a survey was conducted in which 30 respondents participated. The questions covered the most common and rarest injuries, methods of prevention and rehabilitation, additional courses completed by the respondents, cooperation of physiotherapists with doctors and trainers at the club, methods of player education and the like. Based on this, results were obtained that can contribute to a faster and more efficient development of physiotherapy in sports clubs. |
