In addition to its antimicrobial protective role, the intestinal microbiota affects human metabolism and immunity, as well as inflammatory and neuro-hormonal responses. Because of its beneficial effects on health even down to the genetic level, it is called a “forgotten organ,” a “virtual organ,” or a “second brain”. The human intestinal microbiome varies among individuals and usually does not change over time. Its composition is influenced by several environmental factors. Fecal microbiota transplantation - stool transplantation from a health donor, instillation of fecal suspension taken from a healthy donor into the patient's upper or lower gastrointestinal tract, with the aim of enriching and normalizing his intestinal microbiota. Although the method has been known for centuries, interest in it has grown significantly over the last few decades. The two main reasons are the global epidemic of Clostridia difficile infection and the improved knowledge of the microbiome and its involvement in various conditions. Excellent treatment results have also been observed in patients with multiple diseases and in immunosuppressive patients. In addition to use in patients with Clostridia difficile, the use of fecal transplantation would likely be expanded with new insights linking intestinal microbes to the pathophysiology of other intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. A chair donor can be any healthy person, such as a partner, relative, friend, or a genetically unrelated and previously unknown healthy person. Donors need to be tested for various infections and conditions in which the nose is at increased risk of transmitting the disease. Aspects of nursing care in fecal transplantation lie in the good assessment of the patient, preparation and observation after the procedure. Fecal transplantation can certainly be inconvenient for the recipient, given that it is a specific procedure and the nurse should educate the patient about all the benefits of the procedure, provide psychological support and ensure privacy, which in this procedure is probably among the most important aspects.