The impact of vehicle engine systems on the environment is reflected in air pollution and noise. Air pollution is caused by the emission of the previously mentioned harmful gases. Noise pollution is caused by the movement of a motor vehicle, which is accompanied by the sounds of an internal combustion engine. Alternative fuels used in road motor vehicles are obtained from renewable energy sources. There are various benefits of using alternative fuels such as reducing greenhouse gas emissions, reducing air pollution, reducing dependence on fossil fuels and promoting clean and sustainable transport. The paper also presents an explanation of the following types of alternative propulsion: natural gas propulsion, liquefied gas propulsion, hybrid propulsion, electric propulsion, fuel cell propulsion, hydrogen propulsion with internal combustion, and vegetable oil propulsion. Also, in the paper, a survey was conducted with the residents of the City of Zagreb, where the results showed that the respondents show ecological innovation and technology. Respondents show a high level of environmental awareness and willingness to accept new technologies, especially those that contribute to sustainability. Although some are skeptical of hydrogen technology, most believe that hydrogen buses are safe and have the potential to make the air in Zagreb better. When choosing a mode of transport, price is still the main factor for most consumers, and ticket prices for eco-buses are unlikely to increase dramatically. According to these findings, there is strong support for the use of alternative fuels in public transport. However, in order to promote wider acceptance of these vehicles, it is also important that they are reasonably priced.