Title Fizikalna terapija nakon totalne endoproteze koljena
Title (english) Physical therapy after total knee arthroplasty
Author Antonija Grgurić
Mentor Željko Jeleč (mentor)
Committee member Jasminka Potočnjak (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Željko Jeleč (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Mateja Znika (član povjerenstva)
Granter University North (University centre Varaždin) (Department of Physiotherapy) Koprivnica
Defense date and country 2024-07-11, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Abstract Ugradnja totalne endoproteze koljena odnosi se na zamjenu svih sastavnica zgloba koljena
protetskim nadomjestkom. Zglob koljena čini distalni kraj bedrene kosti zajedno s iverom i
proksimalnim krajem goljenične kosti. Za izvođenje pokreta u koljenu zadužena je bedrena ili
natkoljenična muskulatura. Biomehanika zgloba koljena uključuje opterećenja, položaje, pokrete
i sile koje utječu na njega. Oštećenja ili promjene u strukturama zgloba mogu dovesti do
poremećaja ravnoteže i ozljeda. Opterećenje na zglobu varira ovisno o položaju tijela, a mišićna
sila igra ključnu ulogu u održavanju ravnoteže i stabilnosti. Prva prava zamjena zgloba koljena
izvedena je 1880. godine, a bitan napredak dogodio se 1973. godine s predloženim prototipom
moderne proteze. Danas su u upotrebi različite vrste fiksacija za postavljanje proteze, uključujući
cementnu, bescementnu i hibridnu fiksaciju. Indikacije za ugradnju totalne endoproteze koljena
uključuju primarni i sekundarni osteoartritis, osteonekrozu, reumatoidni artritis i druge
degenerativne promjene koje uzrokuju bol i smanjenje funkcije koljena. Operacija se obično
izvodi kroz veliki otvoreni rez iznad zgloba koljena, a odluka o operaciji temelji se na težini boli
i stupnju onesposobljenosti pacijenta. Fizioterapijski pristup temelji se na modelu SOAP
(Subjective Objective Assessment Plan), koji obuhvaća subjektivni pregled, objektivni pregled,
analizu i plan. Preoperativna rehabilitacija priprema pacijenta za kirurški zahvat kako bi se
smanjila mogućnost postoperativnih komplikacija i ubrzao oporavak. Uključuje sveobuhvatan
pregled, edukaciju pacijenta i sudjelovanje u preoperativnom programu vježbanja.
Postoperativna rehabilitacija podijeljena je u faze koje uzimaju u obzir faze cijeljenja tkiva i
specifičnosti kirurškog zahvata. Uključuje kontinuirano pasivno pokretanje i terapijsko vježbanje
kako bi se smanjila bol, poboljšala pokretljivost i funkcionalnost te osigurao optimalan
oporavak. Terapijsko vježbanje ključna je komponenta rehabilitacije koja pruža sustavnu i
planiranu tjelovježbu za poboljšanje funkcije i kvalitete života pacijenta. Važno je pravovremeno
prepoznati komplikacije i intervenirati u slučajevima poput duboke venske tromboze i plućne
embolije.
Abstract (english) The implantation of total knee endoprosthesis refers to the replacement of all components of
the knee joint with a prosthetic replacement. The knee joint forms the distal end of the femur
along with the splinter and the proximal end of the tibia. The femoral or thigh musculature is in
charge of performing movements in the knee. The biomechanics of the knee joint involves loads,
positions, movements and forces that affect it. Damage or changes in the structures of the joint
can lead to disturbed balance and injury. The load on the joint varies depending on the position
of the body, and muscle force plays a key role in maintaining balance and stability. The first real
replacement of the knee joint was performed in 1880, and significant progress occurred in 1973
with a proposed prototype of a modern prosthesis. Today, various types of fixations are used for
the placement of dentures, including cement, cementless and hybrid fixation. Indications for this
procedure include primary and secondary osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis, rheumatoid arthritis and
other degenerative changes that cause pain and decrease in knee function. This operation is
usually performed through a large open incision above the knee joint, and the decision to
undergo surgery is based on the severity of the pain and the degree of disability of the patient.
The physiotherapy approach is based on the SOAP (Subjective Objective Assessment Plan)
model, which includes subjective review, objective review, analysis and plan. Preoperative
rehabilitation prepares the patient for surgery to reduce postoperative complications and speed
up recovery. It includes a comprehensive examination, patient education and participation in a
preoperative exercise program. Postoperative rehabilitation is divided into stages that take into
account the stages of tissue healing and the specifics of the surgical procedure. It includes
continuous passive start-up and therapeutic exercise to reduce pain, improve mobility and
functionality, and ensure optimal recovery. Therapeutic exercise is a key component of
rehabilitation that provides systematic and planned exercise to improve the function and quality
of life of the patient. It is important to recognize and intervene on the risks of complications such
as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in a timely manner.
Keywords
endoproteza
koljeno
fizioterapija
rehabilitacija
Keywords (english)
endoprosthesis
knee
physiotherapy
rehabilitation
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:122:154089
Study programme Title: Physiotherapy Study programme type: professional Study level: undergraduate Academic / professional title: prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) fizioterapije (prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) fizioterapije)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
Access conditions Open access
Terms of use
Created on 2024-07-19 11:49:52