Title Sestrinska skrb u prevenciji i liječenju karcinoma dojke Title (english) The role of nurse in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer Author Ana Ivančić Mentor Ivana Živoder (mentor)Committee member Ivana Herak (predsjednik povjerenstva) Committee member Ivana Živoder (član povjerenstva)Committee member Valentina Novak (član povjerenstva) Granter University North Defense date and country 2019-10-14, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Karcinom (rak) dojke jest prelazak zdravih stanica iz dojke u maligne odnosno zloćudne
stanice. Najčešći je karcinom kod žena i njegova je incidencija u stalnom porastu. Incidencija raste
i u mlađim dobnim skupinama. Iako se bolest češće javlja kod žena, muškarci također mogu
oboljeti od karcinoma dojke iako su takvi slučajevi znatno rjeđi. Postoje određeni čimbenici rizika
za nastanak karcinoma dojke kao što su dob, pozitivna obiteljska anamneza, benigni tumori u
osobnoj anamnezi, faktori reprodukcije, tjelesna težina, zračenje. Rizik obolijevanja povećava se
do menopauze. Svi faktori rizika mogu se podijeliti u promjenjive i nepromjenjive faktore.
Provođenjem određenih mjera prevencije, moguće je smanjiti mogućnost oboljenja, no ne može
ga se isključiti. Samopregled dojke jedna je od najjednostavnijih metoda prevencije oboljenja od
raka dojke kojom se mogu otkriti simptomi karcinoma dojke te pravovremeno djelovati.
Kliničkim određivanjem stadija karcinoma, njegovoj vrsti i proširenosti ovisi liječenje i ishod
liječenja, stoga je vrlo bitno rano otkrivanje karcinoma dojke. Prema tome, načini liječenja raka
dojke dijele se na kirurško liječenje, kemoterapiju, radioterapiju i hormonsku terapiju. U prevenciji
i liječenju karcinoma vrlo je važan timski rad koji obuhvaća široki spektar stručnjaka i
profesionalaca među kojima se nalazi i medicinska sestra. Uloga medicinske sestre prema
djelokrugu rada različita je ovisno o radnom mjestu. Osim što sudjeluje u pripremi bolesnice za
operacijski zahvat, u procesu operacijskog zahvata i provođenju zdravstvene njege nakon
operacije, provodi i preventivne radnje kroz primarnu zdravstvenu zaštitu. Ovdje glavnu ulogu
ima patronažna medicinska sestra kao član tima koji provodi preventivne programe u svrhu
sprječavanja pojave raka dojke, prepoznaje rak dojke u ranom stadiju te upućuje na adekvatno
liječenje. Patronažna medicinska sestra djeluje u preventivnim programima u prevenciji raka dojke
svojim aktivnostima kao što je pomoć ženama u usvajanju potrebnih znanja i motivacija na
promjenu neprihvatljivog zdravstvenog ponašanja, te može djelovati u svrhu većeg odaziva žena
u Nacionalnom programu za rano otkrivanje raka dojke.
Abstract (english) Breast cancer is developed with the transition from healthy breast cells to malignant cells.
Among the growing types of cancer at women, this is the most common. The likelihood grows in
younger age groups. Even though this type of cancer affects mostly women, it is possible for men
to have it as well. However, these cases of cancer are considerably rarer. There are certain risk
factors for developing this type of cancer such as age, family history of this illness, reproductive
factors, obesity, radiation exposure, and benign tumors. All those risk factors can be divided into
changeable and unchangeable factors. By obeying certain prevention measures, it is possible to
decrease the chance of breast cancer although not completely. Self – examination is one of the
easiest prevention methods with which the illness can be detected at a very early stage. The clinical
examination may determine the stage of cancer, type, and its potential to spread. Therefore, early
detection of breast cancer is extremely important to determine a form of treatment and a general
plan toward remission. Treatment can be divided into surgical therapy, chemotherapy or hormonal
therapy. In the prevention and treatment of cancer, teamwork is essential which involves a wide
range of professionals including a nurse. The role of the nurse according to the scope of work
varies depending on the workplace. Except that she is participating in the preparation of the patient
for the surgery, the process of surgery and the implementation of post-operative health care, she
also performs preventative actions through primary health care. The main role here has the visiting
nurse as a member of a team that implements preventative programs to prevent breast cancer,
recognizes early-stage breast cancer and suggests appropriate treatment. A visiting nurse works in
breast cancer prevention programs through activities such as helping women acquire the
knowledge that is necessary, motivates women to change unacceptable health behavior and can
act to increase women's response to the National Early Breast Cancer Program.
Keywords
karcinom dojke
prevencija
liječenje
edukacija
Keywords (english)
breast cancer
prevention
treatment
education
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:122:571555 Study programme Title: Nursing Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2019-10-29 09:41:16
