Title Zbrinjavanje kroničnih rana kao javnozdravstveni problem Title (english) Management of chronic wounds as an issue of public health significance Author Darija Kušenić Mentor Tomislav Meštrović (mentor)Committee member Ivo Dumić-Čule (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Tomislav Meštrović (član povjerenstva)Committee member Ivana Živoder (član povjerenstva)Granter University North Defense date and country 2022-09-28, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Rana je prekid anatomskog i funkcionalnog kontinuiteta tkiva ili organa koje nastaje utjecajem čimbenika kao što su: mehanički čimbenici, termički čimbenici, kemijski čimbenici, biološki čimbenici i kombinirani čimbenici. Prema načinu zacjeljivanja rana, one se dijele na akutne i kronične rane te se razlikuju po načinu liječenja i po postupanju i njezi. Ukoliko rana ne zacijeli unutar 4 do 8 tjedana unatoč uobičajenog, standardiziranog načina postupanja i liječenja, govorimo o kroničnoj rani. Kronične rane postaju problem s kojim se medicinske sestre svakodnevno susreću. Kronične rane su izazov zbog mnogobrojnih problema koji se javljaju tijekom liječenja i izlječivanja unatoč razvoju medicine i tehnologije. Svaka kronična rana bi se trebala zbrinjavati kod kuće putem zdravstvene njege koju ordinira liječnik obiteljske medicine. Kućnu njegu provodi medicinska sestra koja u početku ranu procjenjuje koristeći se znanjima i iskustvima. Pravilna procjena je temelj koji omogućuje da se stanje kronične rane koja se zbrinjava može procjenjivati kroz cijeli period provođenja kućne njege.
Proces zdravstvene njege kod bolesnika koji imaju problem kroničnih rana je usmjeren na preventivne mjere, na intervencije smanjenja problema koji utječu na cjelokupno psihofizičko zdravlje bolesnika. Sve kronične rane zbog dugotrajnosti narušavaju kvalitetu života bolesnika, smanjuju njegovu sposobnost obavljanja svakodnevnih obaveza te radnu sposobnost. Bolesnici se nerijetko socijalno izoliraju te je izrazito važno provoditi zdravstvenu njegu. Isključivo se holističkim pristupom bolesnici s kroničnim ranama mogu liječiti i izliječiti. Holistički pristup liječenja rane podrazumijeva promatranje cijelog pacijenta uključujući njegove komorbiditete, rizične čimbenike načina života poput pušenja i/ili alkoholizma, prehranu, pretilost, dermatološke komplikacije kao što su alergije na ljepila, sociološka pitanja poput prihoda, stanovanja, psihološke probleme poput depresije i tjeskobe, prethodne bolesti, lijekove i dr. Pacijent se mora uključiti u planiranje skrbi, liječenje i praćenje kontinuiranom komunikacijom i edukacijom. Uzimajući u obzir sve gore navedene čimbenike, kvaliteta života bolesnika s kroničnim ranama će porasti. Medicinska sestra koja provodi zdravstvenu njegu mora imati sva potrebna znanja i vještine kako bi kompleksan problem kroničnih rana mogla kvalitetno zbrinjavati.
Abstract (english) A wound is a break in anatomical and functional continuity of a tissue or an organ caused by factors such as: mechanical factors, thermal factors, chemical factors, biological factors and combined factors. According to the principles of wound healing, they are divided into acute and chronic wounds and they differ in the method and treatment care. If the wound doesn't heal within 4 to 8 weeks despite usual, standardized method of treatment, than that is a chronic wound. Chronic wounds are becoming a problem that nurses face every day. They are challenging due to numerous problems that occur during treatment and healing despite medciine and technology development. Any chronic wound should be managed at home through health care prescribed by family physician. Home care is carried out by a nurse who initially evaluates the wound using her knowledge and experience. Correct evaluation is the foundation which allows treated chronic wound to be evaluated through entire period of home care.
Health care process for patients with chronic wounds problems is focused on preventive measures and interventions how to reduce problems that affect the overall psychophysical health of the patient. All chronic wounds impair the patient's quality of life due to their long duration, reduce their ability to perform daily routines and their ability to work. Patients are often socially isolated so it is very important to carry out health care. Only with holistic approach, patients with chronic wounds can be treated and cured. A holistic approach to wound care involves assessing the whole patient including comorbities, lifestyle risk factors such as smoking and/or alcoholism, diet, obesity, dermatological complications such as allergies to adhesives, sociological issues such as income, housing, psychological issues such as depression and anxiety, clinical history, medications, etc. Patient must be involved in care planning, treatment and follow-up through continuous communication and education. Taking into account all the above factors, the quality of life of patients with chronic wounds will arise. A nurse who provides health care must have all the necessary knowledge and skills in order to provide quality care for the complex problem of chronic wounds.
Keywords
rana
kronična rana
zdravstvena njega u kući
uloga medicinske sestre
Keywords (english)
wound
chronic wound
home health care
nurse's role
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:122:816659 Study programme Title: Nursing Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2022-10-26 12:14:02
