Chlamydia infection among adolescents presents a significant clinical and public health challenge due to its high prevalence, often asymptomatic course, as well as serious long-term complications if left untreated. This thesis explores the epidemiology of chlamydia infection in the adolescent population, clinical manifestations, diagnostic and treatment methods, and prevention strategies. The thesis begins with an overview of the global burden of sexually transmitted infections, with a special focus on chlamydia. Statistical data show a high percentage of infections among young people – most notably women – and identify key risk factors and barriers to effective prevention and treatment. The pathophysiology of chlamydia infection is further analysed, including transmission methods and the body’s immune responses. The clinical presentation of chlamydial infection often involves mild or absent symptoms, which makes early detection difficult. Diagnosis relies on laboratory tests such as nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT), which allows for precise detection of the infection. Treatment typically includes antibiotics such as azithromycin and doxycycline, which are effective in eliminating the infection when used according to guidelines. Prevention of chlamydial infection requires an integrated approach that combines education, screening, promotion of safe sexual practices and easily accessible treatment. Sexual health education is pivotal for raising awareness among adolescents about the risks and consequences of sexually transmitted diseases; additionally, the importance of regular testing and condom usage also has to be accentuated. Nursing professionals play a significant role in educating and supporting adolescents, providing information on prevention, diagnosis and treatment of chlamydial infections. Their support and availability can greatly reduce the stigma associated with sexually transmitted diseases and encourage young people to seek help. On top of that, technology offers new opportunities for improving adolescent healthcare through digital tools and applications that provide access to information and services. Nonetheless, challenges such as privacy protection and equal access require careful consideration and resolution. Long-term monitoring and support after therapy are essential to ensure sustained health and prevent reinfections. A combination of education, screening, effective therapy and healthcare worker support can significantly contribute to reducing the prevalence of chlamydia infection and improving the overall health of adolescents.