Nursing care in Croatia, but also in the world, has gone through various development phases, where it has often been influenced by political and cultural events. The percentage of nurses with undergraduate and graduate studies is increasing. The specificity of treating a patient in JIL (Intensive Care Unit) of all healthcare professionals requires a wide range of knowledge and intrapersonal skills. Nurses here are no exception. One particularly vulnerable group of patients is patients with mechanical ventilation (MV). This paper deals with the specificity of the care of such patients. Patients with respiratory function impaired or completely disabled, especially those whose function is impaired due to various burns and similar inflammatory injuries, encounter exceptional levels of pain and various potential complications. Sisterhoods need to know the nature and type of pain, ways of modulation, measurement and pain management, but also have intrapersonal skills to work with such patients. Apart from good knowledge of the source and the type of pain, nurses need to constantly monitor the work of MV, a device that completely or partially replaces the patient's change of gases. The MV types, as well as some specifics, such as various sister diagnoses and interventions with MV patients, are included in this paper. Detailed knowledge of MV work and potential problems that patients may encounter is of utmost importance. Also, nurses need to know in detail the structure and functions of the entire respiratory system. The aforementioned specifics were elaborated in the work, and the purpose of data collection and analysis was to see which methods for assessing and treating the pain were used by the nurses in JIL and the Department of Burns. Also, the goal was to see if there is a need for further nursing education in various ways of treating pain. The analysis attempted to ascertain whether the differences between the nurses were due to the level of professional qualifications in the above mentioned activities. Data show that most nurses think that they need further education, and different groups of nurses are not so different in this respect. To conclude, the development of nursing care in Croatia is still ongoing, and the ultimate goal is, of course, to improve patient care.