| Abstract | U vremenu kada svijet iz dana u dan postaje zagađeniji, sve više ljudi počinje razmišljati o korištenju obnovljivih izvora energije. Na čelu različitih obnovljivih izvora energije, predvodi solarna energija zbog svoje ekološke i cjenovne prihvatljivosti, dugoročne održivosti i efikasnosti. Postavljanjem solarnih elektrana na krovove zgrada, kuća, poslovnih objekata ili livada, dobivamo električnu energiju bez ispuštanja štetnih plinova. Paneli postaju ekonomičniji, učinkovitiji i dugotrajniji, a sami korisnici energetski neovisniji.
Tijekom projektiranja solarnih elektrana važno je osiguranje kvalitete kako bi cijeli sustav bio što učinkovitiji i dugotrajniji, a ujedno i sigurniji za ljude i okoliš. Kroz ključne aspekte i metode osigurava se dugoročna pouzdanost solarnih sustava. Različite norme i propisi pridonose sigurnosti svih korisnika, ali i montera solarnih elektrana. Valja ukazati i na nužnost održavanja visoke razine kvalitete u svim etapama instaliranja solarnih elektrana. Neke od bitnijih etapa su planiranje, izbor opreme, izgradnja, puštanje u pogon te održavanje. Svaka od tih etapa izgradnje ima svoje kritične točke. Kako bi se te kritične točke otklonile, ključno je poštivati norme, izabrati kvalitetnu opremu te angažirati certificirane izvođače.
Ovim se radom propituju i istražuju potrebne mjere osiguranja kvalitete, nužne za postizanje sigurnog rada solarnih elektrana, uključujući i odabir primjerene opreme i montaže. Analizirani su tehnički normativi da bi sustav bio usklađen s najvišim kriterijima. U radu se velika pozornost pridaje puštanju solarnih elektrana u pogon. Pri puštanju u pogon, važno je obratiti pozornost na konzistentnost sa zakonima, električna ispitivanja, zaštitu radnika te izradu izvještaja. Također, dio završnoga rada dotiče se i održavanja solarnih elektrana čime se osigurava njihova dugotrajnost i efikasnost te izbor kvalitetne opreme. |
| Abstract (english) | At a time when the world is becoming more polluted day by day, more and more people are starting using renewable energy sources. At the forefront of various renewable energy sources is solar energy, due to its environmental and price acceptability, long-term sustainability and very good efficiency. By placing solar power plants on the roofs of buildings, houses, business buildings or meadows, we obtain electricity without releasing harmful gases. Panels become more economical, efficient and long-lasting, and the users themselves become more energy independent.
During the design of solar power plants, quality assurance is important so that the entire system is as efficient as possible, long-lasting, and safer for people and the environment. Long-term reliability of solar systems is ensured through key aspects and methods. Various norms and regulations greatly contribute to the safety of all users, as well as installers of solar power plants. It should also be pointed out the necessity of maintaining a high level of quality in all stages of installing solar power plants. Some of the more important stages are planning, equipment selection, construction, commissioning and maintenance. Each of these construction stages has its own critical points. In order to eliminate these critical points, it is essential to respect the norms, choose quality equipment and involve certified contractors in all this work.
This paper explores the necessary quality assurance measures that are inevitable to achieve the safe operation of solar power plants. The paper is based on the processes and norms that are applied during the installation of photovoltaic systems, including the selection of appropriate equipment and assembly. The technical standards analyzed are important to make the system compliant with the highest criteria. In this paper, great attention is drawn to the commissioning of solar power plants. During commissioning, it is important to pay attention to compliance with laws, electrical tests, worker protection and reporting. Likewise, part of the paper focuses on the maintenance of solar power plants, which ensures their longevity and efficiency, as well as the choice of quality equipment. |
