The goal of this undergraduate thesis was create an overview of insulating materials that are necessary in modern building construction and describe them. The introductory part briefly mentions the history of insulation materials, the beginning of the use of modern insulation materials, as well as building envelopes and their influence. Buildings physics which we need to better understand the properties of insulating materials, are mentioned. In addition, the thesis contains a brief overview of traditional and modern thermal insulation materials and the application of technical insulation. The Technical regulation on energy economy and heat retention in building is mentioned. In the main body of the thesis, the properties of soundproofing materials, sound, noise and spatial acoustics are explained. Waterproofing materials that are important for the longevity are listed and their properties, application and installation methods are described. A calculation of the amount of heat for a section of a reinforced concrete wall was made, where the advantage of using thermal insulation materials was described. At the very end, a formula and an example of a calculation of a single soundproof partition are presented.